Producers and Consumers

Question 1

Producers and Consumers

Answer 1

Consumers cannot produce their own food

Producers are also called autotrophs.

Question 2

Herbivores

Answer 2

Only eats plants.

Question 3

Carnivores

Answer 3

Meat eaters
Three different types of carnivores
· Predators (Hunt and eat other animals (prey).
· Scavengers (Eat other animals that are already dead).
· Insectivore (Feed on insects).

Question 4

Omnivores

Answer 4

Feed on both plants and meat.

Question 5

Detritivores

Answer 5

Feed on decomposed material of plants and animals.

Pave the way for decomposers.

Question 6

Decomposers

Answer 6

Microorganisms (bacteria and fungi) recycle dead plant and animal material in nutrients, viz nitrogen and carbon.
Nutrients are released in water, atmosphere and soil.

Question 7

Food chain

Answer 7

Trophic level: The position that an organism holds in a food chain.

Food chain: The relationship in which energy (found in food) flows between living organisms.

Food pyramid: A food pyramid

Question 8

Trophic level

Answer 8

· Producers
· Primary consumer
· Secondary consumer
· Tertiary consumer
· Apex predator
· Decompose

Question 9

Ecological balance

Answer 9

Ecological balance: A stable balance in the number of each species in ecosystems.

Question 10

Human factors that could disturb the ecological balance

Answer 10

Human Factors
→ Population may not survive
· Habitat destruction
· Pollution
· Climate change

Question 11

Natural factors that could disturb the ecological balance

Answer 11

Natural Factors
→ Population will most probably survive
· Food shortages
· Predators
· Diseases
· Droughts/floods

Question 12

Adaptions

Answer 12

Adaptation is the physical or behavioural characteristic of an organism that helps an organism to survive better in the surrounding environment.

Question 13

Xerophytes

Answer 13

• Survive in dry areas.
• Absorb water quickly when it is available.
• Store water for dry times of the year.
• Must lose as little water as possible through transportation.
• E.g Aloe

Question 14

Hydrophytes

Answer 14

• Survive in wet areas.
• Exposed to a lot of water.
• E.g Water lily

Question 15

Animal Adaptions

Answer 15

Animals that need to survive in extreme conditions: Polar bear (North Pole) & Camel (desert).

Question 16

Camouflage

Answer 16

An animal’s ability to blend into its environment. The animal’s outer appearance makes it look like its environment.

Question 17

Mimicry

Answer 17

The phenomenon whereby an animal’s appearance makes it look like another animal or object.

Question 18

Bates mimicry

Answer 18

A harmless animal imitates a poisonous or bad-tasting animal for protection.

Question 19

Mullerian mimicry

Answer 19

Two poisonous or bad-tasting animals mimic each other.

Question 20

Automimicry

Answer 20

Animals of the same species mimic each other.