Processor

Question 1

Overview of a Processor

Answer 1

ALU CU MU

Question 2

ALU

Answer 2

ALU = Arithmetic Logic Unit

Question 3

CU

Answer 3

CU=Control Unit

Question 4

MU

Answer 4

MU= Memory Unit

Question 5

Define Control Unit

Answer 5

The part of the processor that runs the machine code.Has the responsibility of coordinating the rest of the processor.The exact nature of the CU is dependent on the architecture of the CPU.

Question 6

Define ALU

Answer 6

Responsible for performing calculations and logic.E.g. simple arithmetic or comparisons.Also acts as a gateway to the processor – all inputs and outputs to and from the processor have to pass through the ALU.

Question 7

Memory Unit

Answer 7

Responsible for accessing memory.The MU will store currently running programs, current files and the operating system.

Question 8

Register

Answer 8

A register is a small block of memory, normally about 4/8 bytes, which is used in order for instructions to be processed.(Machine instructions can only work if they are loaded into registers)(Programs tend to load and save data into general purpose registers. These can be used for any purpose the programmer )

Question 9

Different registers

Answer 9

PCMARMDRCIRACC

Question 10

PC

Answer 10

Program Counter A special purpose register which stores the address of the next instruction to be carry out.

Question 11

MAR

Answer 11

Memory address register A special purpose register which stores the address of the next instruction or data to be fetched into the CPU.This is where the address that was read by the PC is sent.

Question 12

ROM

Answer 12

ROM ,that the data that is stored on it can not be altered or deleted. This is useful because the data always stays in the ROM even when the computer is powered off.To store computers’ BOIS

Question 13

2 Memory

Answer 13

Read Only Memory (ROM)Random Access Memory (RAM)

Question 14

RAM

Answer 14

RAM is categorised by the fact that it is wiped clear when the computer is powered off,this enables the computer to do more than one thing.

Question 15

Define MDR

Answer 15

Memory data register A special purpose register which stores the data fetched using the address found in the MAR.

Question 16

Define CIR

Answer 16

Current instruction register A special purpose register which stores the instruction currently being carried out by the CPU.•Once an instruction is in the CIR it can then be split into different parts and sent to the relevant locations.

Question 17

Define ACC

Answer 17

AccumulatorWill store the result of any calculation performed by the CPU

Question 18

Buses

Answer 18

Buses are pathways used to send data around the processor.

Question 19

Control Bus

Answer 19

This sends commands from the control unit to different parts of the processor.

Question 20

Data Bus

Answer 20

This carries data from one register to the other.

Question 21

Address Bus

Answer 21

This carries the location address to which the data is going.