Processes and Principles

Question 1

5 elements of any process (elements of a generic process model)

Answer 1

• activities/methods
• artifacts
• roles
• tools
• milestones

Question 2

In general what is activity orientation

Answer 2

A step-by-step set of activities detailing how to perform each task within a given process

Question 3

5 advantages of the activity-orientation principle

Answer 3

• gives a detailed description of the work process
• defines the order of tasks in time
• detailed instructions for action
• reference to all affected artifacts
• good integration of “active” methods

DAD Gives a detailed description of Active methods

Question 4

5 disadvantages of the activity-orientation principle

Answer 4

• restrictive (provides only one way of doing things)
• requires extensive planning
• quality of the results are hard to assess
• can lead to under specification of artifacts
• efficiency is dependent on the quality and extent of activity descriptions

Restricting Quality Can lead to Extensive Efficiency

Question 5

In general, what is the artifact-orientation principle

Answer 5

a detailed specification of the resulting artifacts for each task in a process and who is responsible for the result.
The completion of each task is only dependent on the creation of a given artifact according to the specification

Question 6

6 advantages of the artifact-orientation principle

Answer 6

• provides a detailed description of the quality requirements for results
• doesn’t specify any one method while yielding consistent results
• quality able to be easily assessed due to the given description and dependencies
• good for scalability in terms of results extent
• provides clear responsibilities
• allows for use of consistent terminology across all projects

A detailed description of Clear responsibilities Allows for Scalability, Quality, and Consistent results

Question 7

3 disadvantages of the artifact-orientation principle

Answer 7

• high learning curve
• selection and tailoring of adequate methods
• deduction of plans is costly

Question 8

What is solution-orientation?

Answer 8

when the customer proposes a solution to a problem they are having and the developer then starts to implement that solution

Question 9

3 dangers of solution-orientation principle

Answer 9

• the achieved solution may be sub-optimal
• mismatch between the solution and problem (proposed solution does not solve the correct problem)
• proposed solution is a work-around rather than a solution

Question 10

what is problem-orientation

Answer 10

customer proposes a problem and the developers thoroughly explore the problem space in order to fully understand the problem

Question 11

8 steps to thoroughly explore the problem space

Answer 11

1) collect domain knowledge
2) identify stakeholders
3) document goals and constraints
4) analyze the current situation (strengths, weaknesses)
5) analyze the user-visible functionality
6) define the functionality and quality
7) iteratively transform into a system specification