Processes and conditions leading to mass movement

Question 1

steepening and undercutting

Answer 1

at base of slope increases force (down slope) as angle changes

Question 2

loading the slope (adding weight)

Answer 2

increases the driving force. Most common is heavy rain which adds to the mass material on the slopes

Question 3

heavy rain

Answer 3

lubricates slope materials whilst decreasing the resistant force. Also increases water pressure within the pores of mineral materials, reducing their coherence and decreasing resistant force

Question 4

deforestation

Answer 4

removes the binding effect of tree roots on slopes and increases the amount of water absorbed by slope materials. It reduces the resisting force and increases the driving force

Question 5

earthquakes/sudden shakes

Answer 5

reduce the resistance of slope materials through violent shaking