Process Frameworks

Question 1

5 phases of any process framework

Answer 1

Communication

Planning

Modeling

Build

Ship

Question 2

4 major activities involved in creating a project plan

Answer 2

create a task list

assess risks

determine resources

clarify work products

Question 3

What is a GANTT chart?

Answer 3

a representation of a task tree and project timeline in an excel-like sheet

Question 4

2 areas of SW modeling

Answer 4

architecture

design

Question 5

Briefly, what is SW architecture

Answer 5

specification the higher level structures in the SW that allow us to reason about a system and how they relate to each other

Question 6

Briefly, what is SW design

Answer 6

specification of the internal components of the specified architectural structures

Question 7

5 activities in the build/construction phase

Answer 7

• more detailed design
• coding
• unit testing
• integration testing
• verification testing

Question 8

Verification vs Validation

Answer 8

verification = was the system created accurately according to the requirements

validation = does the system satisfy the client (does the client like it)

Question 9

What is the waterfall model

Answer 9

the 5 steps (communication, planning, modeling, building, shipping) are done sequentially and we do not move on to the next one until the previous step is finished

Question 10

What is the V-model

Answer 10

similar to the waterfall model but each testing phase has a feedback loop to a previous step.

Unit testing feeds back to the build step
Integration testing feeds back to the modeling step
Verification and validation feedback to the communication (or requirements gathering) step

Question 11

What is the spiral model?

Answer 11

We build our system in increments. Each increment behaves like the waterfall model (communication, planning, modeling, building, and shipping)

Each increment typically corresponds to a new feature

Question 12

What is the evolutionary model?

Answer 12

Similar to the spiral model in that each increment behaves like the waterfall model (communication, planning, modeling, building, and shipping).

However, each increment may not correspond to a new feature but rather simply growing and improving the system (i.e some kind of refactoring that is done would be an improvement to the system however the user would likely be unaware of the changes made)

Question 13

What is prototyping?

Answer 13

a quick building of the core functionality of the system in order to ascertain the most optimal system architecture

Question 14

What is the concurrent model?

Answer 14

Used when you have multiple teams that cannot meet very often. Requires that each team has its own set of independent tasks

Question 15

What is COTS?

Answer 15

Commercial Off the Shelf software.

It is software that you either buy or just simply plug-in and use in your system (prevents you from having to reinvent the wheel)

Question 16

Who created the Unified Process?

Answer 16

Booch
Rumbaugh
Jacobson

Question 17

4 keys of the unified process

Answer 17

Use Cases

Architecture-centric

iterative

incremental

Question 18

what is MVP? and what does it mean?

Answer 18

minimum viable product

it is the smallest version of the system that performs the core functionality (AKA implements the success path)

Question 19

What is the “Success path”

Answer 19

the usage of a software system in which the user behaves exactly as you might expect and does exactly what you want them to do (they don’t do anything that could lead to errors)

Question 20

What is the basic idea of Agile development?

Answer 20

to create SW in increments and deliver them at regular time intervals specified by the customer

Question 21

What are the 4 agile motivations

Answer 21

avoid death march (continual extension of deadlines and time frame)

avoid gold-plating (adding feature that you like but don’t need)

avoid user surprises

avoid an overly rigid design

Question 22

The 4 agile preferred values

Answer 22

individuals and interactions over processes and frameworks

working software over completed documentation

customer collaboration over contract negotiation

flexible to change over following a plan

Question 23

what is the project management triangle

Answer 23

the idea that cost, effort, and time frame for a software project are all inter-related and that changing any one of those values will change at least one other value.

You can imagine the value of each number representing the length of one side of a triangle. We know from math that no one side of a triangle can be longer than the sum of the other two. This same relation of the sides of triangle holds with cost, time frame, and effort

Question 24

6 basic project management tasks

Answer 24

risk management

QA

source code management (SCM)

reusability management

work product management

measurement

Question 25

3 human aspects of software engineering

Answer 25

technical

social

personal

Question 26

what is a top-down design

Answer 26

design system from the highest level of abstraction to the lowest level