process Flashcards
1
Q
divisions
A
- DNA replicated in interphase
- meiosis 1 (reduction division, forms two cells with half the number of chromosomes, haploid)
- meiosis 2 (copying division, 2 haploid cells to form 4)
2
Q
meiosis 1
A
- early prophase 1
- chromosomes become short and fat as two chromatids join by centromere
- late prophase 1
- chromosomes of homologous pairs
- forming bivalent
- centrioles move to opposite poles
- spindle made of protein threads, develops across the cell from two centrioles
3
Q
metaphase 1
A
- bivalents move to middle of cell
- line-up with the equator
- centromeres become attached t spindle threads
4
Q
anaphase 1
A
- centromeres don’t split
- bivalents separate and chromosomes are pulled away from each other
- chromosomes move to opposite polls
5
Q
telophase 1
A
- cytoplasm divides (cytokinesis)
- to form haploid cells
6
Q
meiosis 2
A
- chromatids making up each chromosome separate
- each haploid divides by again by mitosis
7
Q
late prophase 2
A
- each chromosome is made of chromatids with a centromere
- spindle fibres develop
- nuclear membrane disappears
8
Q
metaphase 2
A
- chromosomes move to equator
- centromeres become linked to spindle threads
9
Q
anaphase 2
A
- centromeres split
- spindles contract, moving each chromatid to each pole
- daughter chromosomes
10
Q
telophase 2
A
- daughter chromosomes group together to at the poles
- nuclear membrane starts to form
11
Q
cytokinesis
A
- cytoplasms begin to divide
- forming two new daughter cells
