Problems With Public Health 1800s Flashcards

1
Q

How did industrialisation increase population of towns

A

Huge migration of people from country to towns for work

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2
Q

What were the problems with houses , health etc.

A

Narrow streets
Badly ventilated houses
Over crowded houses
Squalid living conditions - lacked basic facilities such as toilets, running water
No rubbish collections
Pollution
Breeding ground for diseases - TB, cholera, typhus

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3
Q

Why was progress slow?

A

Government - didnt think it right to interfere in everyday lives of people
Didnt want to increase taxes ( affect the rich esp) to build sewers, drains etc
Many rich people made money out of renting to the poor and didnt want anything to chnage

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4
Q

Who was Edwin Chadwick?

A

Following more cholera outbreaks an enquiry was set up to investigate living conditions in Britain.

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5
Q

What were his findings?

A

Concluded that poverty and ill health was caused by terrible liviing conditions not by laziness.
His report shocked Britain.

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6
Q

What did he recommend?

A

Refuse removal
Effective sewage system and clean running water.
Qualified medical officer for each area.

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7
Q

What was 1848 Public Health Act?

A

Gave local towns and councils the power to spend money on cleaning up their towns.
Some like Birmingham and Liverpool made major improvements but many other didn,t bother.

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8
Q

Who was Dr John Snow?

A

He solved the cholera problem.
Studied a cholera hit area around Soho.
All victims got water from the Broad Street water pump.
Made the link between bad water and cholera.

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9
Q

What happened in the summer of 1858?

A

The Great Stink
A particularly hot summer, caused the Thames to smell worse than ever.
Stench so bad that politicians from Houses of Parliament asked to be moved.

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10
Q

Who was the sewer King?

A

Joseph Bazalgette was given £3m to build a sewer system.
Finished in 1866 and when it was fully operstional cholera never returned to London.
Soon parliament engaged in a flurry of action to clean up the streets and improve the nation’s health.

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11
Q

Other factors that reduced health problems

A

Nures - better trained and cleaner.
Medical progress - anaesthetics resulted in longer, more accurate operations.
Antiseptics developed - less risk of infection
Govt insisted everyone be vaccinated for smallpox
Railways brought fresh milk and fish
Cheap cotton - easier to wash
Top quality iron pipes - water and sewage pipes could be layed quickly and cheaply

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