Problem Solving And Reasoning

Question 1

it is the process of reaching a general conclusion by examining specific examples.

Answer 1

Inductive reasoning

Question 2

Inductive reasoning is the process of reaching a general conlusion by examining specific _________

Answer 2

Examples

Question 3

It is the process of reaching a conclusion by applying general assumptions, procedures, or principles.

Answer 3

Deductive reasoning

Question 4

Deductive reasoning is the process of reaching a conclusion by applying general __________, ________, or ________.

Answer 4

assumptions, procedures, or principles.

Question 5

Logic is not the study of ________and __________ rhetorical devices

Answer 5

persuasion
Manipulative

Question 6

‘______________’ does not mean persuasive argument

Answer 6

Successful Arguement

Question 7

Human fallibility and manipulative rhetoric lead people to:

Answer 7

• accept poor reasoning
• reject good reasoning

Question 8

Remember, in a successful argument if the premises are true, then the conclusion is either guaranteed to be _____or likely to be _____

Answer 8

true

Question 9

The science of correct reasoning.

Answer 9

Logic

Question 10

The drawing of inferences or conclusions from known or assumed facts.

Answer 10

Reasoning

Question 11

It can either be inductive or deductive.

Answer 11

Reasoning

Question 12

It uses facts, rules, definitions or properties to arrive at a conclusion.

Answer 12

deductive reasoning

Question 13

it uses patterns to arrive at a conclusion (conjecture)

Answer 13

inductive reasoning

Question 14

In Deductive Reasoning,

TRUE PREMISE + TRUE PREMISE =

Answer 14

TRUE CONCLUSION

Question 15

In Inductive Reasoning,

TRUE PREMISE + TRUE PREMISE =

Answer 15

PROBABLY TRUE CONCLUSION

Question 16

Inductive or Deductive Reasoning?

You are a good student.
You get 90+.
Therefore your friends must get all 90+ too.

Answer 16

INDUCTIVE

Question 17

Inductive or Deductive Reasoning?

Ninety percent of humans are right handed.
Edryshe is human, therefore Edryshe is right handed.

Answer 17

DEDUCTIVE

Question 18

Inductive or Deductive Reasoning?

What is the measure of angle x?

Answer 18

DEDUCTIVE

Question 19

Inductive or Deductive Reasoning?

Geometry example…
What is the next figure in the sequence?

Answer 19

INDUCTIVE

Question 20

Inductive or Deductive Reasoning?

All oranges are fruits.
All fruits grow on trees.
Therefore, all oranges grow on trees.

Answer 20

DEDUCTIVE

Question 21

Inductive or Deductive Reasoning?

Diding hails from Visayas and Visayans are accented in their mother tongue when they speak English.
Therefore, Diding is accented.

Answer 21

INDUCTIVE

Question 22

Inductive or Deductive Reasoning?

Argument 1: The sum of two odd integers is an even number.
m and n are odd integers
Thus, m + n is even.

Answer 22

DEDUCTIVE

Argument 1 uses the deductive form of reasoning in drawing a specific
statement from a general principle.

Question 23

Inductive or Deductive Reasoning?

Argument 2: 3 + 5 = 8, 7 + 11 = 18, and 9 + 21 = 30
Therefore, the sum of two odd integers is even.

Answer 23

INDUCTIVE

As can be observed, the premise consists of specific cases while the
conclusion is just a generalization of what is claimed in the premise.

Question 24

POLYA’S PROBLEM - SOLVING STRATEGY

One of the recent mathematicians who outlined a strategy for solving
problems from virtually any discipline is ___________(1887 – 1985).

Answer 24

George Polya

Question 25

George Polya Year

Answer 25

(1887 – 1985).

Question 26

In his book, “_____________”

Answer 26

“How to Solve It”

Question 27

A great _____ solves a great _________ but there is a grain of _______ in the __________ of any problem.

Your problem may be __________ ; but it challenges your ________ and brings into play your inventive _______ , and if you solve it by your own means, you may experience the __________ and triumph of ______.”

Answer 27

discovery
problem
discovery
solution

modest
curiosity
faculties
tension
discovery

Question 28

Father of problem-solving.

Answer 28

George Polya

Question 29

POLYA’S FOUR - STEP PROBLEM - SOLVING STRATEGY

Answer 29

1. Understand the problem
2. Devise a plan
3. Carry out the plan
4. Review the solution

Question 30

POLYA’S FOUR - STEP PROBLEM - SOLVING STRATEGY

This part of the problem-solving is sometimes (if not always) neglected.

In order to solve a problem, one must first know what is being asked, and what information or data can be extracted from what is given.

You can state the problem in your own words.

Answer 30

Understand the problem

Question 31

POLYA’S FOUR - STEP PROBLEM - SOLVING STRATEGY

Think of strategies to solve the problem.
- listing, tabulating
- drawing a diagram
- guessing then proving if your answers (guesses) are correct

Answer 31

Devise a plan

Question 32

POLYA’S FOUR - STEP PROBLEM - SOLVING STRATEGY

Implementing the strategy chosen (in the second step) until the problem is solved.

Answer 32

Carry out the plan

Question 33

POLYA’S FOUR - STEP PROBLEM - SOLVING STRATEGY

Counter checking if your answers are correct.

Answer 33

Review the solution