problem solving and reasoning Flashcards
it is the process of reaching a general conclusion by examining specific examples.
inductive reasoning
it is the process of reaching a conclusion by applying general assumptions, procedures, or principles.
deductive principles
logic is not the study of ____ and ____
persuasion
manipulative rhetorical devices
‘successful argument’ does not mean …
persuasive argument
Human fallibility and manipulative rhetoric lead people to …
- accept poor reasoning
- reject good reasoning
in a successful argument if the premises are true, then the conclusion is either guaranteed to be ____ or ____
true
likely to be true
The science of correct reasoning.
logic
The drawing of inferences or conclusions from known or assumed facts.
reasoning
Reasoning can either be ___ or ___.
inductive or deductive
difference between deductive and inductive reasoning
deductive reasoning uses facts, rules, definitions or properties to arrive at a conclusion.
inductive reasoning uses patterns to arrive at a conclusion (conjecture)
deductive reasoning:
TRUE PREMISE + TRUE PREMISE =
TRUE CONCLUSION
inductive reasoning:
TRUE PREMISE + TRUE PREMISE =
PROBABLYTRUE CONCLUSION
who outlined a strategy for solving
problems from virtually any discipline who outlined a strategy for solving problems from virtually any discipline
George Polya (1887 - 1985)
what is the book of George Polya
“How to Solve It”
“A great discovery solves a great problem but there is a grain of discovery in the solution of any problem. Your problem may be modest; but it challenges your curiosity and brings into play your inventive faculties, and if you solve it by your own means, you may experience the tension and triumph of discovery.”
in the book of George Polya, “How to Solve It”
