Problem Solving

Question 1

Occurs when there is an obstacle between a present stage and a goal. It is not immediately obvious how to get around the obstacle.

Answer 1

A problem

Question 2

The first psychologists to analyze and study problems, problem solving by understanding the perceptions, learning, attitude as and beliefs leading to problem solution.
According to _ psychologists, problem solving is dependent on the representation and the reorganization/restructuring of the representation of the problem.

Answer 2

Gestalt Psychologists

Question 3

_ in problem solving depends on how it is represented

Answer 3

Success

Question 4

_ is the process of changing the problem’s representation (attacking the problem from a different angle)

Answer 4

Restructuring

Question 5

_ is sudden realization of the problem’s solution.

Answer 5

Insight (aha moment phenomenon)

Question 6

The tendency to focus on one element of the problem that keeps you from reaching the solution.

Answer 6

Fixation

Question 7

Type of fixation that focuses solely on the familiar functions of objects

Answer 7

Functional fixation

Question 8

A tendency to persist with one approach to a problem (Gestalt approach)

Answer 8

Set

Question 9

A preconceived idea about how to solve a problem (determined by past experience)

Answer 9

Mental set

Question 10

You are in a room with a cork board on the wall. You are given some candles, matches in a match box and some drawing pins. You must mount a candle on the cork board without dripping wax on the floor.
What is the name, creator and solution to this problem?

Answer 10

The candle problem, Carl Dunker.

Solution: happens when you realize you can use the matchbox as support

Question 11

How can a participant tie two strings together, if he cannot teach them?
What is this problem called, and who created it?

Answer 11

The two string problem, Maier.