Problem 4: Social anxiety Flashcards

1
Q

what is the Clark and Wells model of SAD

A

exposure alone is not enough to heal SAD, they mainly focus on what happens during and after social encounters.
social situation –> activates assumptions –> perceived social danger –> processing of self as a social object (self conscious) –> safety behaviours + somatic and cognitive symptoms

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2
Q

explain Rapee and Heimberg’s cognitive behavioural model of SAD:

A

-SAD is continuum

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3
Q

what influences the interpretations of social situations as threatening? according to Rapee and Heimberg

A

-inherited tendencies
-parent behaviours
-peer experiences
-life events
-culture
–> the longer the duration and exposure –> the higher your risk at anxiety

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4
Q

similarities between the models:

A
  • attention goes toward threat
    -maladaptive safety behaviours
    -dysfunctional cognitions
    -both think that social skills may be intact
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5
Q

differences between the models:

A

-in clark and wells safety behaviours are the core problem, in the Rapee and heimberg not
-in clark and wells, attention is inward on how they feel, in rapee and heimberg attention is both inwards and outwards

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6
Q

typical cognitive biases in SAD:

A

-negative interpretation bias
-selective attention bias (focus on negative stimuli compared to neutral)
-unconscious selective bias: pre-consciously attending to danger
-post-event processing and memory: focus on performance after situations
-implicit associations (association between social cues and bodily sensations with negative outcome)

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7
Q

behavioural issues in SAD

A

-interpersonal distance and personal space (more space)
-behavioural mimicry (mimic less and do not notice when others mimic them )
-social skills deficits: skill acquisition, social performance, fluency
-avoidance and anxious behaviour

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8
Q

how can you treat sad with exposure therapy

A

-by direct and indirect engagement with feared stimulus, a context in which negative beliefs can be disconfirmed
criticism: long term effects?

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9
Q

other treatment approaches:

A
  • cognitive structuring, effective
    -CBT, group more effective, medication did not help
    -relaxation techniques (how to cope with somatic symptoms)
    -mindfulness, good but not as efficient as CBT
    -interpersonal psychotherapy
    -social skills training
    -medication: not that effective, may be used in combination with other treatment
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10
Q

subtypes of SAD

A

-generalised: any social situation is feared
-non-generalized: fear of specific situations, more related to performance

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