probability Flashcards
sets
a collection of objects
element
each object of the set
capitol letter
used to define a set and elements are listed within curly braces
empty set
a set with no elements
universal set (U)
contains all possible elements for a certain problem or situation
complement
the ___ of Set A is the set of all elements in the universal set that are not in set A. Denoted as A’
intersection
the____of sets A and set B is the set of all elements that are in both A and B.
union
the ___ of Sets A and Set B is the set of all elements that are in A or B
experiment
and action (trial) with varying results
subsets
a set is a ___ of another set if all of its elements are contained in the other set
theoretical probability
a measure of the likelihood(chance) that a specific event will occur. Values range between 0-1
outcome
A possible result from an experiment
sample space
All the possible outcomes from an experiment
complement of an event
the probability of the event NOT occurring
Experimental probability
based on the results of repeated trials of an experiment
conditional probability
Given events A and B, the probability of event B occurring, knowing that event A has already occured
two-way table
a table that contains data about two different categories
joint frequencies
the individual data entries
marginal frequencies
the sums of rows and columns
joint relative frequencies
the values in each category divided by total
marginal relative frequencies
the sum of the joint relative frequencies in each row and column
