PRN NOTES Flashcards
1
Q
- Oldest preserved egyptian
- compilation of medical texts
- 110 page long, 20 meters
- Contains chapters on contraception, pregnancy,
skin and eye problems, surgery, burns,
intestinal disease, and parasites (hookworms)
A
1500 BC
2
Q
Oldest body fluid to be tested in 1500 BC
A
Urine
3
Q
- Father of Medicine
- Tasting urine
- Listening to lungs
- Hippocratic assessment of disorder
- minds and senses
- four humors of the human body
A
Hippocrates (300 BC - 180 AD)
4
Q
Indication of Chronic illness and Kidney disease (hippocrates)
A
- Bubbles
- blood
- pus
in urine
5
Q
- uroscopy
- color charts
A
1140 AD
6
Q
- described diabetes as diarrhea of urine (polyuria)
- established relationship between fluid intake and urine volume
- uroscopy or water casting
A
Aelius Galenus/Claudius Galenus
7
Q
- Dutch eye glass makers
-Multiple lenses placed in a tube
A
Zaccharias Janssen & Hans Janssen (1590)
8
Q
- Italian microscopist
- Physician to Pope Innocent XII
- Renowned for his exploration in embryology, histology, and physiology of the glands
A
Marcelo Malphigi
9
Q
- gravimetric analysis of urine
- 24 hr urine specimens
A
Jean Baptiste Van Helmont
10
Q
- test for detection of protein based on boiling of specimen in the presence of acetic acid
A
Frederick Dekkers (1673)
11
Q
The Era of Public Health
A
19th century
12
Q
- cholera was waterborne
- decreased mortality rate of cholera in london
A
John Snow (1854)
13
Q
- (1861) aerobic and anaerobic bacteria
- (1867) discovery that cause of wine spoiling and it could be prevented by partial heat sterilization at 55-60oC
- (1881) discivery of vaccine against anthrax
A
Louis Pasteur
14
Q
First Hospital Laboratory in Britain
A
Guy’s Hospital
15
Q
Laboratory in United States
A
University of Michigan Hospital
16
Q
- established a laboratory at bellevue hospital medical college
- 1st laboratory course in pathology
A
Dr. William Welch (1878)
17
Q
- recruited as professor at the John Hopkins University in Baltimore
- First Dean
- Head of Dept. of Pathology
A
Dr. William Welch (1886)
18
Q
- malarial parasites
- first clin lab was established
- routine examinations were carried out
A
William Osler (1898)
19
Q
- Wrote a book: Clinical Diagnosis: A Manual of Laboratory Methods
- Knowm as Henry’s
A
James C. Todd (1908)
20
Q
- Pennsylvania State Legislature
- Law about hospitals requiring to be equipped with adequate laboratory
A
1915
21
Q
- University of Minnesota offered Medtech as a degree program
A
1923
22
Q
Increase demand for clin lab and technicians
A
World War I
23
Q
- Start of automation
- closed system
- intensity of light (beer’s law)
A
World War II
24
Q
- Need for healthcare assistance for their wounded soldiers and civilians
A
US bases in Leyte (1944)
25
26th Medical Lab of the 6th US army established the 1st known clin lab in the ph
Jan. 1945
26
Now a division Manila Public Health Department
Quiricada Street Sta Cruz, Manila
27
- start of training of hs grad
- facilitated by the healthcare team of 26th med lab
Feb 1945
28
- 6th US army left the lab
- endorsed it to the National Dept of Health
- became non functional
June 1945
29
WW II has ended
Septh 1945
30
26th Medical Lab was reorganized by Dr. Pio de Roda (well known in bacte) preserved lab equipment
Oct 1945
31
Dr. Pio de Roda went to see Dr. Mariano Icasiano: 1st city health officer of Manila , preserved remnants of 26th Med Lab and organize new med lab for Manileños
Oct 1945
32
Med lab (Manila Public Health) was formally organized by Dr. Pio De Roda
Oct. 1, 1945
33
Dr. Pio de roda instructed dr. sta ana to prepare syllabus of training for med technicians; 6 months; joined by dr. tirso briones
1954
34
- Manila Sanitarium and Hospital (Manila Adventist)
- Ph Union College (Adventist University of the ph): started offering Medtech course thru Willa Hilgert Hendrick - founder of MT in the ph (1st yr course)
1954
35
Dr. Jesse Umali
- 1st grad of PUC
-OB GYNE
- Owner of megalab in vito cruz, manila
1956
36
Dr. Antonio Gabriel
Dr. Gustavo reyes
- offered MT as elective subj to 4th and 5th year pharma students (ust)
1957-1958
37
Internship permit for MT program was issued (ust)
June 1960
38
offered MT as separate course from Pharma
Rev. Fr. Lorenzo Rodriguez (1960)
39
BSMT course was fully recognized in UST
June 14, 1961
40
Approval of BSMT in FEU by Bureau of Education
July 5, 1962
41
- Invention of microscope
- Father of Microbiology
1660 (Anton van leeuwenhoek)
42
- vaccination for smallpox
Edward Jenner (1796)
43
- Identified organs by their types of tissues
Marie Francois Xavier Bichat (1880)
44
Produced disease in worms by injection of organic material
Agostino Bassi (1835)
45
Immunity to rabies
Louis Pasteur (1857)
46
Law of inherited characteristics from studies on plants
Gregor Mendel (1866)
47
Father of antiseptic (modern) surgery
- surgical infections are caused by airborne organisms
Joseph Lister (1870)
48
First image of bacilli, anthrax and later the tubercle bacilli
Robert koch (1877)
49
phagocytes in blood and their role in fighting infection
Ellie Metchnikoff (1886)
50
steam sterilization in surgery
Ernst von Bergmann (1886)
51
ABO blood group
Karl Landsteiner (1902)
52
Immunologic test for syphilis
August von Wasserman (1906)
53
Rickettsiae
Howard Ricketts (1906)
54
Structure of hemoglobin
Hans Fischer (1929)
55
poliomyelitis vaccine
Jonas Salk (1954)
56
Westgard rules
James Westgard (1973)
57
Hepatitis B vaccine
Baruch Samuel Blumberg (1980)
58
Father of molecular biology
- PCR
Kary Mullis (1985)
59
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF)
Andre van steirteghem (1992)
60
derived first human stem cell line (cancer studies)
James thomson (1998)
61
RA 5527
The Phil MedTect Act of 1969
62
RA 5527 Enacted during the term of _ on what month and year
Ferdinand E. Marcos
Nardito Moraleta
June 21, 1969
63
RA 5527:
_ sections
amended _ times
- 32 sections
- 3 times
64
RA 5527 amendments:
RA 6138
PD 498
PD 1534
65
RA 6138
- date
- sections
August 31, 1970
Sections 16, 21, 22
66
PD 498
- Date
- Sections
June 28, 1974
- Sections: 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 16, 17, 21, 29
67
PD 1534
- Date
- Sections
June 11, 1978
Sections: 3, 8, 13
68
RA 5527
Ammended Once:
Sections -
Sections 2, 4, 7, 13, 17, 22 and 29
69
RA 5527
Amended Twice
Sections -
Sections 3, 8, 11, 16, and 21
70
RA 5527
The Training
Sections -
Sections 3, 4, 5, 6 and 13
71
RA 5527
Section 3: Composition of the Council of MedTech Education
Council manner of creation:
Created by RA 5527
Section 3
June 21, 1969
72
RA 5527
Section 3: Composition of the Council of MedTech Education
Technical panel and technical commitee manner of creation:
Created by 7722
Section 12
May 18, 1994
73
RA 5527
Section 3: Composition of the Council of MedTech Education
Council composition:
Provided by law
74
RA 5527
Section 3: Composition of the Council of MedTech Education
Technical panel and technical commitee composition
Appointed by CHED
75
RA 5527
Section 3: Composition of the Council of MedTech Education
Council Term of office
Chairman
Vice chairman
Council members
ex-officio capacity
76
RA 5527
Section 3: Composition of the Council of MedTech Education
Technical panel and technical commitee term of office
Ad h/boc appointment
77
RA 5527
Section 3: Composition of the Council of MedTech Education
Council function
Expressely provided under Section 5 of RA 5527
78
RA 5527
Section 3: Composition of the Council of MedTech Education
Technical panel and panel commitee
Expressly provided under Sec. 12 and their respective appointment papers
79
RA 5527
Section 4
Compensation
80
RA 5527
Section 5
Functions
81
RA 5527
Sec. 5 Functions
Recommend curriculum
CMO # 13 S. 2017
- due to k-12 transition
- outcomes based educ
- inclusion of Molec Bio and Dx
- Comprehensive Internship Guidelines
Certify students for internship
Accreditation of SMT and TCL
Recommend and Formulate refresher course
Determine no. of students
82
RA 5527
Sec. 5
SMT
SMT: School of Medtech
Ched only
83
RA 5527
Sec. 5
TCL
TCL: Training Clin Lab
DOH and CHED
84
RA 5527
Sec. 5
Recommend and formulate refresher course:
Either SMT/TCL for 1 year
PRc for approval
85
RA 5277
Sec. 6
Minimum Required Course
- CMO # 13 S. 2017
86
POLICIES, STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES FOR
THE BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL
TECHNOLOGY/ MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE
(BSMT/MLS) PROGRAM
CMO #13 s. 2017
87
Degree Name: The degree program shall be
called "Bachelor of Science in Medical Technology/ Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science”
CMO # 17 s. 2017
88
Total no. of units BSMT
173 units
89
4 units courses
- Inorg and Org chem
- Anachem
- anaphy
- CPH
- Hema 1
- IS
- BB
90
5 units course
- Biochem
- CC 1
- CC 2
- Bacte
91
2 units courses
- PSTMT
- intro to research
- MTAP 1 and 2
- Human histology
- Cytogenetics
- Lab Man
- Mycology and Virology
92
3 units courses
- Biostats
- HIS
- Research
- Principles of MLS 1 and 2
- Mo;ec bio and dx
- MTLAWS
- Para
- Histopath
- Hema 2
- AUBF
93
1 unit courses
Seminar 1 and 2
94
1 unit courses
Seminar 1 and 2
95
Internship duties per week:
Not exceeding total of:
32 hrs/week
1664 hrs in one year
96
Accreditation of Schools of Medical Technology &
Training Clinical Laboratories
RA 5527
Section 13
97
Occupations for graduates (Specific professions)
- Licensed MT/MLS
- Diagnostic Molecular Scientists
- research Scientists
- Educators
- Diagnostic Product Specialists
- Public Health Practitioners
- Healthcare leaders
98
Occupations for Graduates (Allied Medical Fields)
- Public Health / Epidemiology
- Veterinary Laboratory Science
- Molecular biology/ biology
- Nuclear science
- Forensic science
- Health Administration and Management
- Food and Industrial Microbiology
99
RA 5527
The practice
Sections:
7 to 12, 20 to 29 (except 27)
100
RA 5527
Sec 7; Composition of the medtech board
3 members
- Chairperson: pathologist
- 2 members: RMTs
101
RA 5527
Sec. 7 Composition of MT Board
- Current MTB
Chairman: Dr. Marilyn A. Cabal-Barza
Hon. Leila Lany M. Florento, RMT
Hon. Maria Lourdes Gatbonton, RMT
102
RA 5527
Sec 8: Qualifications
- Filipino citizen
- with good moral charact
- at least 10 yrs of exp
- should not be affliated with any SMT for 2 years
103
RA 5527
Sec 8: Qualifications
2 kinds of affiliations
- Direct (MT/Faculty in SMT)
- Indirect (Relatives)
104
RA 5527
Sec 9: Executive Officer of the Board
- Chairman: PRC
- Nominated by: PAMET, PSP > PRC
- Appointed by: President of the PH
105
RA 5527
Sec 10
Compensation
106
RA 5527
Sec. 11: Functions
Sections: 20-26, 28, 29
107
RA 5527
Sec. 11: Functions
Sections: 20-26, 28, 29
108
RA 5527
Section 12: Removal of the members of the MT board
Hearing (Complaint)
- MTB = Tribunal
109
RA 5527
Section 12: Removal of the members of the MT board
PD 223
2 members, 1 legal officer
110
RA 5527
Section 12: Removal of the members of the MT board
RA 8981
1 member, 1 legal officer
111
RA 5527
Sec. 20: Oath Taking
Authorized by:
- BOMT
- PRC
- President
112
RA 5527
Sec. 21: Issuance of COR
COR: Signed by all members of BOMT and PRC
Validity of license: 3 yrs to (commissioner) birthdate
113
RA 5527
Sec. 22
Fees
114
RA 5527
Sec. 23: Refusal to Issue COR
- Incurable and Communicable disease
- Charged with criminal offense
- Unsound mind
- <21 yrs of age
115
RA 5527
Sec. 24: Administrative Investigation
(Suspension and Revocation of License)
Administrative Investigation
(Suspension and Revocation of License)
116
RA 5527
Sec. 24: Administrative Investigation
(Suspension and Revocation of License)
Suspension:
- Not more than 2 yrs
- Cannot work
- 2/3 votes = majority
117
RA 5527
Sec. 24: Administrative Investigation
(Suspension and Revocation of License)
Revocation:
- Can no longer work
- No license
- Perpetual Disqualification
- 3/3 votes = unanimous
118
RA 5527
Sec. 24: Administrative Investigation
(Suspension and Revocation of License)
Suspension can become revocation
Medtech fails to surrender suspended within 30 days
119
RA 5527
Sec. 25: Appeal
Appeal can be made within 15 days
Decision is final after 15 days
120
RA 5527
Sec. 26: Reinstatement, Reissuance or Replacement of COR
After suspension may practice but needs to go to PRC for reinstatement, reissuance or replacement of COR
121
RA 5527
Sec. 28: Roster of Medical Technologists
Prepared by the BOMT/Board of Medtech
122
RA 5527
Sec. 29: Penal Provisions
- practicing w/o COR
- practicing w/o pathologist
- practicing using other's COR
- Fail to display COR (must be in conspicous work area)
- Faking COR: faking lab results
- Malpractice: Negligence committed by a professional/license holder
- Negligence: failuture to do something that has to be done
- Demoralizing Act
123
RA 5527
The Examination
Sections
Sections: 15-19, 27
124
RA 5527
Sec. 15: Examination
September exams_
March exams_
deadline of submission:
September exams: weekends
March exams: weekdays
20 days before the exam
125
RA 5527
Sec. 15: Examination
Testing Centers given annually in:
Manila (Luzon)
Cebu (Visayas)
Davao (Mindanao)
126
RA 5527
Sec. 15: Examination
At least 50 examinees:
Baguio
Legaspi
Iloilo
127
RA 5527
Sec.15 Examination
Exemption
provided this took place before June 21, 1969:
- BSMT/PH: 3 years in the lab
- NONBSMT/PH: 8 years in the lab
- NONBSMT/PH: 5 years in the lab
May take the exam
128
RA 5527
Sec. 16: Qualification of Examinees
Filipino Citizen
- foreign reciprocity
W/ good moral character
Is in good health
BMLS/BSMT/BSPH
129
RA 5527
Sec. 17: Scope of Examination
Major Examination
Major Examination (20%) GWA
- Clin chem
- micropara
- Hema
-ISBB
130
RA 5527
Sec. 17: Scope of Examination
Minor Examinations
Minor Examinations (10%)
- CM
- Histopath and MTLB
131
RA 5527
Sec. 17: Scope of Examination
- 100 items per subject
- 20/10% Relative Weight
132
RA 5527
Sec. 18:
Report of ratings
133
RA 5527
Sec. 19; Rating in the Examination
Three Criteria in Passing
75 and above
Not failed in 60%
No dcore of less than 50 in any major subject
134
RA 5527
Sec. 19; Rating in the Examination
Release of Results
MTB (10 days) > PRC > Malacañang for approval > PRC > Newspaper
135
RA 5527
Sec. 27: Foreign Reciprocity
- Reciprocity agreement between PHL and Country
- Syllabus (Vertically aligned) > k-12 > CMO # 13
- Year of residence > 3 yrs before application
136
MT Laws of 2018
House bill #8220
Sept 11, 2018
- Cong. Luis Raymund Villafuerte (Camarines Norte)
137
MT Laws of 2018
Senate bill #1891
July 28, 2018
- Sen. Antonio Trillanes III
138
MT laws of 2018
others
Homogenous Composition of Med Tech Board
- Upgrading of Salary Grade of Med Techs
- Upgrading of Scope of Practice
*molec technologies, cytogenetic technologies, phlebotomy etc.
139
RA 4688
Clinical Lab Act of 1966
140
RA 4688
Date:
Sections:
Latest Implementing rules:
June 18, 1966
8 Sections
Latest implementing rules: AO 2007-00027
- Specify
- Classification change
141
RA 4688
Latest implementing rules (AO 2007-00027)
- classification change
Three Labs into Two Labs
Three Labs
- Anatomic
- Clinical Patho
- Forensic
Two Labs
- Clinical Patho
- Anatomic Patho (include forensic)
142
RA 4688
Release of Results
MTB (10 days) for approval
- publish a newspaper
143
RA 4688
Scope of the law
Special Labs: No need for license (but required to register)
- Assisted reproductive technology
- Molecular biology, Molecular Pathology
- Forensic pathology
144
Posting of Schedule of Fees for Laboratory and Other Diagnostic Services of Hospitals and other Health Facilities
RA 4688
AO No. 2008-0002
145
Schedule of Fees for the Licensure of General Clinical Laboratories and the Registration of Special Clinical Laboratories
RA 4688
AO No. 2008-0007
146
RA 4688
Classification of Lab based on:
- Institutional Character
- Ownership
- Functions
- Service Capabilities
147
Classification of lab based on Institutional Character
- Institution-based
- Free-standing
148
a laboratory that operates within the premises and as
part of an institution, such as but not limited to
hospital, medical clinic, school, medical facility for
overseas workers and seafarers, birthing home, psychiatric facility, drug rehabilitation center
Institution-based
149
A laboratory that does not form part of any other institution
Free-standing
150
Classification of Lab based on Ownership
- Private
- Government
151
Classification of Lab based on Functions
- Anatomical
- Clinical
152
Classification of Lab based on Service Capabilities:
- Primary, Secondary, Tertiary
- Limited Service Capabilities (institution-based)
153
Provides laboratory tests required for a particular service in institutions such as but not limited to dialysis centers and social hygiene clinics. Caters only to pre and post lab test = dialysis centers
Limited Service Capability (institution-based)
154
Primary Clinical Laboratory
- Routine hema
- Routine UA
- Routine Fecalysis
- Blood typing (hosp-based)
- Qualitative platelet
155
Secondary Clinical Laboratory
- All primary clinical lab tests
- routine chem
- quantitative platelet count
- XM (hosp-based), GS, KOH
156
Tertiary Clinical Laboratory
- All primary and secondary lab tests
- Special hema (PT/PTT)
- Special chem (HBA1c)
- IS
- Microbiology (C/s): hosp-based both aerobic and anaerobic; non-hosp: either
157
RA 4688
Supervision; pathologist
4 clinical Lab
3 clin lab and 1 BB lab
158
Supervision
Physician:
- trained by DOH for 3 months
- Lab Med, Management
- Lab QA and QC
- Can handle a primary/secondary lab
- 1 clinical lab
- Can handle BB lab if trained for 6 months about blood services
159
RA 4688
License Requirements
- DOH/BHFS (Bureau of Health Facilities and Services) > Health Facilities ans Services Regulatory Bureau
- Valid for 1 year
- Expires on the last day of the year
- Renewal; may start 90 days before expiration date; may be renewed at DOH BHFS or CHD (Center for Health Development aka Regional DOH Office)
- Inspection: every 2 years
- Changes in the lab: Letter to doh 15 days prior to the implementation of the change
160
- Specific department of DOH in-charge of licensing and regulation of all health facilities including Clinical Laboratories
- DOH San Lazaro Compound, Rizal Ave., Sta. Cruz, Manila
DOH/BHFS
161
RA 4688
Physical Facilities
- Well ventilated, adequately lighted, clean and safe
162
Minimum Technical Working Area (DM No. 148 S. 2003)
- Primary
10 sqm
163
Minimum Technical Working Area (DM No. 148 S. 2003)
- Secondary
20 sqm
164
Minimum Technical Working Area (DM No. 148 S. 2003)
- Tertiary
60 sqm
165
RA 4688
Records; Clinical Pathology Laboratory Reports
Must bekept for 1 yr
166
RA 4688
Records; Anatomic Pathology Lab Reports
Kep indefinitely
167
Laboratory in a government hospital designated by the DOH to provide SPECIAL DIAGNOSTIC FUNCTIONS and services for certain diseases. In charge of training MT’s.
- Sending EQAS
- Referral for certain diseases, confirmatory
Reference Laboratory
168
NRL:
- Environmental and Occupational Health
- Toxicology
- Micronutrient Assay
- Industrial and Chemical Emergencies
East Avenue Medical Center
169
NRL:
- General Clinical Chem
- Anatmic Pathology for Pulmonary and Pleural Diseases
Lung Center of Philippines
170
NRL:
- Hematology
- Immunohematology
- UA
- Antomic Pathplogy for Renal Diseases and other Unassigned Organ Systems
- Cellular-based product testing AO No. 2013-0012 "Rules and Regulations Governing Accreditation of Health Facilities Engaging in Human Stem Cell and Cell Based or Cellular Therapies in the Philippines"
National Kidney and Transplant Institute
171
NRL:
- Anatomic Pathology for Cardiac Diseases
- Cardiac Markers
Philippine Heart Center
172
NRL:
- Anatomic Pathology for Cardiac Diseases
- Cardiac Markers
Philippine Heart Center
173
NRL:
- Antimicrobial Resistance
- National Tuberculosis
- TTIs
- Dengue and other Arboviruses
- Influenza and other resp viruses
- Emerging adn Reemerging
- Special Pathogens
- Vectors
- Malaria
- Parasites
- Bacterial Enteric Diseases
- Mycology
- others
Research Institute for Tropical Medicine
174
NRL:
- HIV/AIDS
- Hepatitis B and C
- Syphilis and other STI
San Lazaro Hospital - STD AIDS Cooperative Central Lab (SACCL)
175
RA 4688
Licensure and Regulation of Covid-19 Laboratories
- AO No. 2020-0014
- Personnel; Minimum number = 7
1 patho (with training)
3 Analysts (3 MTS or 2 MTs and 1Allied health with training)
1 - Lab Aide
1 - Receptionist
1- Encoder
Must be trained:
- biosafety and biosecurity
- Molecular diagnostic techniques
Fit Testing of Respirator (95% efficiency)
Annual Medical Exam with Influenza vacc and covid-19 vacc)
Updated trainings
176
A person with Acute onset of fever AND cough (influenza-like illness); or Acute onset of ANY THREE OR MORE of the following signs or symptoms: fever, cough, either general weakness or fatigue, headache, myalgia, sore throat, coryza, dyspnea, nausea, diarrhea, anorexia.
Contact of a probable or confirmed case or linked to a COVID 19 cluster
Suspect case
177
A person:
i. With neither clinical signs or symptoms NOR meeting
ii. With a positive professional use OR self-test SARS-COV-2 rapid antigen test
Suspect case
178
A person who meets BOTH clinical AND epidemiological
criteria as stated above; OR Death, not otherwise explained, in an adult with respiratory distress
Probable cause
179
Any individual regardless of presence or absence of climical signs and symptoms or epidemiological criteria;
lab confirmed for COVID 19 test at the NRL, subNRL, DOH licensed testing lab or any indiv meeting suspect case criterion A or probable case criteria testing positive using rapid antigen test in areas with outbreaks
Confirmed case
180
Individuals previously reported as a case may be reported
again as a New Case if said individuals had a previous
positive specimen collection date with an interval of at
least 90 days from the last positive spx collection date
New Case
181
COVID-19 case fulfilling probable or confirmed case definition, with a history of a confirmed or probable COVID-19 infection, with at least 90 days between
date of onset of symptoms of both episodes
Suspected reinfection case
182
Confirmed COVID-19 case with positive RT-PCR or professionally administered rapid antigen testing results for both episodes occurring at least 90 days apart, based on
the test sample collection date; OR
Confirmed COVID-19 case with a history of previous positive test, where genomic evidence for the second episode is available and includes lineage that was not submitted
to SARS-CoV-2 genomic databases at the time of first infection
Probable reinfection case
183
Confirmed COVID-19 case having a previous on blood transfusion transmissible diseases; positive test, with an interval of at least 90 days (= 90) between the test sample collection dates of both positive tests, where both previous and current positive tests are confirmed through whole genome sequencing to have different SARS-CoV-2 variants or subvariants for both infections.
Confirmed reimfection case
184
confirmed cases admitted to any health facilty with a final diagnosis of acute resp infection
Primary COVID
185
confirmed cases admitted to any health facilty with a final diagnosis of acute resp infection
Primary COVID
186
Not covid 19 associated
Incidental COVID
187
RA 7719
National Blood Services Act of 1994
May 5, 1994
188
Commercial Blood Banks
- Fress-standing
- Profit-based
- Promotes voluntarism
- AO 2008-00008
189
Rules and Regulations Governing the
Regulation of Blood Services Facilities
AO 2008-00008
190
a laboratory or institution with the capability to recruit and screen blood donors, collect, process, store, transport and issue blood for transfusion and provide information and/ or education on blood transfusion transmissible diseases
Blood bank/center
191
A blood bank that exists for profit
Commercial blood bank
192
blood bank which is located within the premises of a hospital and which can perform compatibility testing of blood
Hospital-based blood bank
193
an institution or facility duly authorized by the Department of Health to recruit and screen donors and collect blood
Blood collection unit
194
one who donates blood on one’s own volition or initiative and without monetary compensation;
Voluntary blood donor
195
an individual included in the list of qualified voluntary blood donors who is ready to donate blood when needed in his/her community
Rh (-)
Walking blood donor
196
refer to therapeutic substances derived from whole blood or plasma and are also called the blood components. These may come as whole blood, packed red blood cells, granulocytes, plasma, platelets, cryoprecipitates, and cryosupernates prepared in blood centers
Blood products
197
- collected within 24 hrs
- provides: rbc, plasma, platelet
- after 48 hrs: called Whole blood ; contains red cells and plasma
Fresh whole blood
198
- red cell concentrate
- concentrated rbc
- plasma reduced blood
prepared: allow blood to separate under the influence of gravity
temp: 2 - 6 C
PRBC
199
- red cell washed with 0.9% sterile isotonic saline
- removed majority of plasma proteins, antibodies, electrolytes
- depleted of plasma, platelets, leukocytes
Washed RBCs
200
- derived from WB
- in a small quantity
- within 8 hrs
- random donor platelets
- TEMP: 20-24 C with continuos agitation
Platelet concentrate
201
- non cellular portion of blood
- separated from WB within 6-8 hrs
-frozen @ 30 C or lower
Fresh frozen plasma
202
- cryo-poor plasma
- contains clotting factors
- supernate plasma
Cryosupernate
203
- cryo
- pooled cryo
- cryoglobulin fraction of plasma
- hard spun
- thaw 1 unit FFP
- 1 to 6 C
- refrozen within 1 hr
Cryoprecipitate
204
- made up of granulocytes collected apheresis through automation (apheresis)
Granulocyte concentration
205
obtained by removing most of the plasma using third generation filter, either at the blood service facility or at the
patient’s bedside. The red cells are filtered to remove most of the leukocytes
Leukocyte-depleted (filtered) red cell
206
TTIs
- HIV
- Hepa B
- Hepa C
- Malaria
- Syphilis
207
- Issue, store, compatibility testing of Whole blood & Packed RBC
- Secure ATO (authority to operate)
Blood Station
208
- Issue, store, compatibility testing of all blood components
- Investigation of Transfusion reaction
- Coomb's test
- resolution of incompatibility of XM
- Secure LTO
Blood Bank
209
- Recruit, Collect, Screen Donors
- Secure ATO
Blood Collection Unit
210
- Perform TT, Screening, Process blood products, Collect blood from donors
- Secure LTO
Blood Centers
211
Blood Units issued by the __________________
shall not be re-tested for Transfusion –Transmitted Infections (TTIs)
BCS
212
HIV Test, a patient may demand a second test, as a matter of right.
Section 26(e) of R.A. No. 11166)
213
Issuance of ATO
- Formal permit issued by the DOH thru HFSRB/CHD
- To a BCU/BS
- Valid for 3 yrs
- If Issued to BB/BCUBS is part of license, the LTO/ATO is valid 1 yr
214
Issuance to LTO
- Formal authority given by the DOH thru HFSRB/CHD
- to BB/BC
- Valid for 3 yrs
- if the LTO/ATO issued to BB/BCUBS is part of
hospital license, the LTO/ATO is valid for 1 yr
215
RA 7719
Who can Supervise Blood Banks
- Pathologist
- MD with 6 months training
- Hematologist
216
RA 7719
Important provisions:
- Section 7
Phase out of Commercial BB
217
RA 7719
Important provisions:
- Section 8
Non-profit operation
218
RA 7719
Important provisions:
- Section 9
Regulation of Blood Banks
219
RA 7719
Important provisions:
- Section 9: Regulation of Blood Banks
- No license, No practice
- BRL > BHFS > awards LTO
- License valid = 3 yrs
- Renewal: 60 days before expiration
- Licenses: ATO/LTO
220
RA 7719
If blood bags contaminated (TTIs)
- RITM
- If confirmed, with 48 hrs = dispose the blood bag
221
RA 7719
Penalties:
- Overpricing
1-6 months impisonment
Fine = 5k to 50k
222
RA 7719
Penalties:
No license to operate
1-6 months imprisonment
Fine = 5k to 50k
223
RA 7719
Penalties:
Staff failed to dispose contaminated units
10 yrs of imprisonment
224
5 core tests need for Blood donation (WHO)
- Antibody to HIV (1 and 2)
- HBsAg
- AB to HCV
- Syphilis
- Malaria
225
ACD
21 days
226
CPD
21 days
227
CP2D
35 days
228
CPDA1
35 days
229
CPDA2
42 days
230
Heparin
2 days
231
All records in BB are kept
Permanently
232
RA 9165
Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002
June 7, 2002
233
Classification of Drug Testing Laboratories
- Institutional Character
- Ownership
- Service Capabilities
234
Classification of Drug Testing Laboratories based on Institutional Character
- Hospital-based
- Free- standing
235
Classification of Drug Testing Laboratories based on Ownership
- Private
- Government
236
Classification of Drug Testing Laboratories based on Service Capabilities
- Screening
- Confirnatory DTL
237
- qualitative testing
- immunochromatography (competitive binding technique)
- valid license: 1 year
Screening DTL
238
- Qualitative and Quantitative
- GC/MS
- Valid license: 2 yrs
Confirmatory DTL
239
Floor area = at least 20 sqm
Work area = at least 10 sqm
with exhaust fan, sink, and storage cabinet and a ref
Screening DTL
240
Floor area = at least 60 sqm
Work area = at least 30 sqm
with exhaust fan, sink, stock room, instrumentation room
Confirmatory DTL
241
- can receive or accomodate at least 5 client at a time
- with a hand washing facility, toilet facility, and a stall for the collection of the specimen
- urine volume = 60 ml
- validity of drug test result = 1 yr
Both Screening and Confirmatory DTL
242
RA 9165
Mandatory Drug Testing
- Applicants of firearms license
- Military, Police ans other law enforcers
- Public office candidates
- Persons charged before the prosecutor's office
- Persons apprehended for violations of this act
243
RA 9165
Random Drug Testing
- Students
- Employee and officers
244
Headship of the drug testing laboratory
- Licensed physician cert in clin pathology (phil. board of patho)
- If not available, a licensed physician with training in Clinical Laboratory Management.
- A licensed chemist with at least Master’s Degree in - Chemistry, Biochemistry or branch of chemistry with at least 2 years experience in analytical chemistry.
245
Drug Analysts for Screening Laboratory
shall have a full time
Medical Technologist
Chemist
Pharmacist
Chemical Engineer
246
Drug Analysts for Confirmatory Laboratory
shall have full time
Medical Technologist
Chemist
Pharmacist
Chemical Engineer
who has completed an extensive appropriate training in chromatography, spectroscopy
247
RA 9165
Training
- East Ave = 3 days
- Also trains those who will supervise the drug testing laboratories
- Pathos: 10 screening, 10 dtl
248
Reference Lab for Drug Testing
- EAMC
- PDEA
249
The procedure to account for each specimen by tracking the handling and storage from point of collection to final disposal.
- Information identifying the specimen
- Date and time of the specimen
- Name of the testing lab
- Name of the signatures of all individuals who had custody of the samples during the collection process
Chain of custody
250
RA 9165
Storage of Laboratory Reports and Specimens
- minimum period determined by DOH (1 yr)
- spx can be stored for:
* Min of 5 days (negative)
* 15 days (positive but not challenged)
* 1 year
251
Synonymous to Confirmatory Testing
Challenge Test
252
RA 9165
Lab Report
- Sign of analyst who performed
- screening = positive/negative
- confirmatory = analyte and the concentration
- 2 copies must be produced; 1 copy = client, 1 copy = forwarded to DOH and must include the membrane of the drug test
253
RA 9165
Proficiency Testing
- The results must sent back to NRL within 3 weeks after the results.
- Failure to pass the proficiency testing shall be given another chance, failure to pass the second one shall result in revocation of its license and accreditation
254
RA 9165
Penalties:
10 grams of Opium, Morphin, Heroin, Cocaine, Marijuana Resin Oil, Designer Drugs
Life imprisonment
fine 500k to 10 million
255
RA 9165
Penalties
50 grams of shabu
Life imprisonment
Fine 500k to 10M
256
RA 9165
Penalties
500 grams of marijuana
Life imprisonment
500k to 10M
257
RA 9165
Penalties
Drug Pushing, Importing, Selling, Trading, Transporting,
Distributing Maintaining Den, Manufacturing illicit drug
Life imprisonment
Fine: 500k to 10M
258
RA 9165
Penalties
Drug Pushing, Importing, Selling, Trading, Transporting,
Distributing Maintaining, Den, Manufacturing precursor substances
12-20 yrs imprisonment
fine 100k to 500k
259
- Secret lab
- any facility used for the illegal manufacture of any dangerous drug and/or controlled precursor and essential chemical
Clandestine Lab
260
- Application Service Provider approved by the DOH for the authentication of results
- Information system for Drug testing
Integrated Drug test operations management information system (IDTOMIS)
261
IMPLEMENTING RULES AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING ACCREDITATION OF DRUG TESTINGLABORATORIES IN THE PHILIPPINES
BOARD REGULATION NO. 2
June 27, 2023
262
The maximum number of screening laboratories a physician trained in Clinical Laboratory Management can handle is _
10
provided that they are feasible (within 5 km radius) to supervise
263
Head of Screening DTL
Free-standing
- Clinical pathologist
- Physician trained in Lab Management
- Chemist with master's degree
264
Head of screening DTL
Institution-based
- Clinical Pathologist/Trained Physician
- Chemist
-Medical Techologist
- Pharmacist
- Chemical Engineer
265
Head of confirmatory DTL
- Clinical Pathologist
- Chemist
266
Head of confirmatory DTL
For CDTL only
- 2 yrs of active lab experience in analytical toxicology
- if chemist, master's degree in chemistry/biochemistry/other fields of chemistry
267
DTL Analyst
- Chemical
- Medical Technologist
- Pharmacist
268
Service: Screening test
Screening Laboratory:
Immunoassay equipment or BFAD registered-drug-testing kit or thin layer chromatography (TLC)
269
Service: Screening Test
Confirmatory Laboratory
Immunoassay equipment or BFAD registered drug-testing kit or TLC
270
Service: Confirmatory Examination
Confirmatory Laboratory:
- GC/MS
- HPLC-MS or some such modern and accepted equipment
271
RA 9165
Storage of Lab reports and specimens
- spx (+), not challenged within 15 days after receipt = discarded. spx may be kept for a max of 1 year upon request
- 5 days = spx (-)
272
RA 9165
Signatory of test result
- signature of analyst and head of lab
273
RA 9165
Reporting of Test Results
Screening : pos/neg
Confirmatory: presence
/ absence, identity of the drug/metabolite tested as well as its concentration
274
RA 9165
Results of Proficiency Testing
- lab shall submit to NRL within 3 weeks after receipt
- kept confidential
275
RA 11166
Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act
December 20, 2018
Enacted By: Rodrigo Duterte
276
An Act Strengthening the Philippine Comprehensive Policy on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Prevention, Treatment, Care, and Support, and, Reconstituting the Philippine National Aids Council (PNAC),
RA 11166: Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act
277
RA 11166
Repealing for the Purpose
Republic Act No. 8504, Otherwise Known as The "Philippine Aids Prevention and Control Act of
1998
278
- deficiency of immune system
- from HIV
- make indiv susceptible to opportunistic infections
AIDS
279
- treatment that stops or suppresses viral replication of a retrovirus like HIV
- slow down the progression of infection
Anti-retroviral therapy
280
refers to evidence-based policies, programs, and approaches that aim to reduce transmission of HIV and its harmful
consequences on health, social relations and economic conditions
Comprehensive Health Intervention for Key populations
281
- refers to unfairor unjust treatment that distinguishes, excludes, restricts, or shows preferences based on any ground such as sex gender, age, sexual orientation....
Discrimination
282
refers to the way a person communicates gender
written or conveyed verbally identity to others through behavior, clothing, hairstyles, communication or speech pattern or body characteristics
Gender Expression
283
refers to the personal sense of identity as characterized, among others, by manner of clothing, inclinations, and behavior in relation to masculine or feminine conventions..
Gender identity
284
- person's involvement in certain activities that increase risk of transmitting or acquiring HIV
High-risk behavior
285
- retrovirus
- infects cells of the human immune system
- destroy or impairs the cells function
- progressive detrioration of immune system
- Immune deficiency
HIV
286
- interpersonal and dynamic communication process bet s client and a trained counsilor
- bound by code of ethics
HIV Counseling
287
- any indiv trained by an institution or org accredited by the DOH
- provide counseling services on HIV and AIDS
- emphasis on behavior modification
HIV and AIDS Counselor
288
- voluntary agreement of a person to undergo or be subjected to a procedure based on full info
- written or conveyed verbally
Informed Consent
289
refers to those groups or persons at higher risk of HIV exposure, or affected populations whose behavior make them likely to be exposed to HIV or to transmit the virus
Key Affected Populations
290
- legal principle that recognizes the capacity of some minors to consent independently to medical procedures, if they have been assessed by qualified health professionals
Mature Minor Doctrine
291
- index client
- source or patient who has STI including HIV, is given support in order to notify and advise the partners that have been exposed to infection
Partner Notification
292
- refers to any individual diagnosed to be infected with HIV;
Person living with HIV (PLHIV)
293
- use of prescription drugs as a strategy for the prevention of HIV infection by people who do not have the HIV and AIDS
Pre-exposure prophylaxis
294
- refers to a preventive medical treatment started immediately after exposure to pathogen (HIV) in order to prevent infection by the pathogen and the development of the disease
Post-exposure prophylaxis
295
- refers to the direction of emotional, sexual, attraction, or conduct towards people of the same sex (homosexual orientation)
Sexual Orientation
296
- dynamic devaluation and dehumanization of an individual in the eyes of others, which may be based on attributes that are arbitrarily defined by others as discreditable
Stigma
297
- communities and groups suffering from vulnerabilities
Vulnerable communities
298
- Develop the AIDS Medium Term Plan (AMTP) in collaboration with relevant government agencies, CSOs, the PLHIV community, and the other stakeholder
- Monitor the progress of the response to the country's HIV and AIDS situation
Philippine National AIDS Council
299
PNAC Memberships and Composition
- DOH
- DepEd
- DOLE
- DSWD
- DILG
- CSC
- CHED
-NYC
- PIA
- DOBM
- The chairperson of the committe on health and demography of the senate of the pH or his representatives
- chairperson of the committee on health of the house of rep or his rep
- 2 rep from org of persons living with HIV and AIDs
- 1 rep from a private org with expertise in standard setting and delivery
- 6 rep from NGOs working for the welfare or iddntified key popu
300
- Except for members from gov agencies,
member of PNAC shall be appointed by:
President of the ph
301
PNAC
The heads of government agencies may be represented by an official whose rank shall not lower than an
__ or its equivalent.
assistant secretary
302
- shall be the permanent chairperson of the PNAC
Secretary of DOH
303
PNAC
the Vice Chairperson shall be elected from the government
agency members, and shall serve for a term of
3 years
304
Members representing CSOs shall
serve for a term of _________________________
renewable upon recommendation of the Council for a
maximum of _______________________.
PNAC
3 years
2 consec terms
305
national multi-sectoral strategic plan to prevent and control the spread of HIV and AIDS in the country.
AIDS Medium Term Plan
306
RA 11166
Education in learning Institution
Deped
Ched
Tesda
307
RA 11166
Education for parents and guardians
Deped
308
RA 11166
Education in the workplace
DOLE
AFP
PNP
309
RA 11166
Education for Filipinos Abroad
DFA
310
RA 11166
Information for tourists and transients
Philippine Infirmation Agency
311
RA 11166
Education in Communities
DILG
ULAP
LAC
DSWD
NYC
312
RA 11166
Screening, Testing and Counseling
person is 15 to below 18 yrs
- consent to voluntary HIV test shall be obtained from the child without the need of consent from parent or guardian
313
RA 11166
Screening, Testing and Counseling
young person aged below 15 who is pregnant or engaged in high risk behavior
- eligible for HIV test and counseling
- assisted with Licensed social worker or health worker
- consent to volunteer from child
314
RA 11166
Health and Support Services
The philhealth shall:
- develop a benefit package for PLHIV
- develop a benefit package for the unborn and newborn
- Set a prefernce price for HIv sevices in gov hosp
-conduct programs to educate the human resource units of companies
- develop a mechanism for orphans living with HIV
315
RA 11166
Disclosure of HIV-Related test results
- result shall be disclosed by the trained service provider only
- if px below 15, orphan, mentally incapacitated = either px parents, legal guardian, licensed social/health worker
- if px beloe 15 not suffering from mental incapacity = voluntary and informed comsent to the procedure, result disclose to the child
316
RA 11166
Persons with potential exposure to HIV
person infected with HIV
- encoueaged to disclose to spouse, sexual partners, any person prior to sex or any exposure to HIV
317
GUIDELINES ON IMPLEMENTATION OF RAPID HIV DIAGNOSTIC ALGORITHM (rHIVda)
AO No. 2019-0001
318
AO No. 2019-0001
To provide implementation policies and stic algorithm (rHIVda) as the new HIV confirmatory test in Certified rHIVda Confirmatory lab (CrCL) facilitiedguidelines for the use of rapid HIV diagno
319
yses comination of 2/3 rapid test formats done in parallel or sequence on a sample that had a reactive result in the initial test (AO No. 2017-0019) new HIV confirmatory test in the Philippines, replacing Western blot
Rapid HIV diagnostic algorithm (rHIVda)
320
Hiv testing or screening
- presence of HIV antibodies and/or antigens
- this result shall be confirmed using
Reactive result
- diagnostic algorithm
321
The current HIV testing diagnostic algorithm in
the Philippines include screening test from_
referring labs
322
A reactive result from the screening test will be sent to SACCL for confirmatory testing, where _ are performed
2 parallel screening test
323
A reactive result on either of these tests will
then require Western blot and/or nucleic acid test as
supplemental confirmatory tests
324
RA 11166
Proposed rHIVda
2 Immunoassay tests
Sysmex Ag-Ab (CMIA - 4th gen)
Vidas HIV Duo Ultra (EIFA - 4th gen)
325
RA 11166
Proposed rHIVda
3 RDTs
- Sp Bioline HIV Ag-Ab Casette
- Alere Determine HIV 1/2
- Grenius HIV 1/2 Confirmatory assay kit
326
RA 11166
AO No. 2019-0001
The following tests are used in rHIVda Confirmatory
Testing for NRL-SLH/SACCL:
* T1 – Sysmex HISCL HIV Ag+Ab Assay Kit
* T2 – Vidas HIV Duo Ultra or SD HIV-½ 3.0 Alere Determine HIV ½
* T3 – Geenius HIV ½ Confirmatory Assay Kit
327
RA 11166
Test kits
Interpretation and Release of Result
- HIV (+)
- released if 3 rHIVda RDT results are all reactive
T1 +
T2 +
T3 +
328
RA 11166
Test kits
Interpretation and Release of Result
- HIV (-)
- Release result
T0 = not done
T1 = non reactive; walk-in clients (CrCL)
repeated T1 = non reactive (2nd time) ; two T1 = non reactive
329
RA 11166
Test kits
Interpretation and Release of Result
- HIV (Inconclusive)
Result shall be repoted
T0 (+), T1 (-)
T1 (+), T2 (-)
T1 (+), T2 (+), T3 (-)
330
RA 11166
Test kits
Interpretation and Release of Result
Confirmatory test result
- released by CrCL
- signed by HIV proficient MT and Patho
331
RA 11166
Test kits
Interpretation and Release of Result
- All results shall be released to cluent during post-test counseling (AO No. 2017-0019)
332
RDTs
SD Bioline HIV Ag-Ab Cassette description
Immunochromatographic assay
333
RDTs
SD Bioline HIV Ag-Ab Cassette
- markers t\that xan be detected
Antibodies to all isotypes
- IgG
-IgM
- IgA
specific to HIV Type 1 including
- Subtype O
- HIV Type 2
334
RDTs
SD Bioline HIV Ag-Ab Cassette specimen
Whole bood
plasma/serum
335
RDTs
SD Bioline HIV Ag-Ab Cassette Sensitivity
100%
336
RDTs
SD Bioline HIV Ag-Ab Cassette Specificity
99.87%
337
RDTs
SD Bioline HIV Ag-Ab Cassette TAT
10-20 mins
338
RDTs
Alere Determine HIV 1/2 description
Qualitative Immunoassay
339
RDTs
Alere Determine HIV 1/2 markers
- HIV Type 1 p24 Ag
- Ab to HIV Types 1 and 2
340
RDTs
Alere Determine HIV 1/2 specimen
- serum
- plasma
- capillary (fingerstick)
- wb or venipuncture (venous) wb
341
RDTs
Alere Determine HIV 1/2 Sensitivity
99.9%
342
RDTs
Alere Determine HIV 1/2 Specificity
99.6%
343
RDTs
Alere Determine HIV 1/2 TAT
20-30 mins
344
RDTs
Geenius HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Assay Kit description
Immunochromatographic Assay
345
RDTs
Geenius HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Assay Kit markers
Ab to HIV Types 1 and 2
346
RDTs
Geenius HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Assay Kit Specimen
- Fingerstick wb
- venous wb
- serum/plasma samples
347
RDTs
Geenius HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Assay Kit Sensitivity
100%
348
RDTs
Geenius HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Assay Kit Specificity
100%
349
RDTs
Geenius HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Assay Kit TAT
20-30 mins
350
RDTs
Westernblot description
Qualitative Immunoassay
351
RDTs
Westernblot markers
AB to HIV 1 and 2
352
Westernblot specimen
Serum/plasma
353
Westernblot sensitivity
100%
354
Westernblot specificity
100%
355
Westernblot TAT
7-21 days
356
RA 8981
PRC Modernization Act of 2000
December 5, 2000
357
OLD PRC LAW
PD 223
358
NEW PRC LAW
RA 8981
359
- 3 man commission
- appointed by president
- 9 years term of office
OLD PRC LAW
PD 223
360
- 3 Man commission
- appointed by president
- 7 years term of office
NEW PRC LAW
RA 8981
361
RA 8981 Qualifications
- at least 40 years old
- with valid PRC license
- Familiar with the principles and methods pf PRC (past member of a board)
- at least 5 years of executive/management experience
362
RA 8981
Functions of PRC
- authorize to require refresher course: write recommendation of technical panel for MT education
- monitor the performance of schools in licensure examinations: can recommed closure of a program
- Approve and release board exam results: Issue COR
- Recommend to the President the name of professionals for appointment of the various boards
- 5 years: 50% of National Passing Rate
363
RA 8981
Functions of PRC
- Issue COR
- name
- picture
- registration number
Signatures
- 3 signs: BOMT
-1 sign: PRC chairman
364
RA 8981
Functions of PRC
- Tardiness in Board Exams
allowed provided before 30 mins or deadline no one passed the paper yet
365
RA 8981: PROFESSIONAL REGULATORY BOARD
- Functions of PRB
- regulate and monitor practice of their respective professions
- Administer investigation
- decision shall become final after 15 days from the receipt of notice
- prepare syllabi of exams
- prepare ques based on syllabi
- score amd rate exam
- submit to PRC within 10 days from last day of exam
- serve as CPE council
366
RA 8981
Continuing Professional Education (CPE)
CPE Council:
BOMT
367
RA 8981
Continuing Professional Education (CPE)
CPE Providers
- PAMET
- NKTI
PBCC
- RITM
- PASMETH
368
RA 10912
Continuing Professional Development
369
RA 10912
Principle
life long learning, recognition of prior learning, pathways and equivalencies
370
RA 10912: Continuing Professional Development
- ensure continuous educ and improvement in competence
- update professionals on current trends and skills
- Mandatory
371
RA 10912: Continuing Professional Development
Enacted by:
Approved:
Enacted by: Benigno Aquino III
Approved: July 21, 2016
372
Benefits of CPD to the individual
- build confidence and credibility
- showcases achievements: for appraises
-copes positively with changes by constantly updating knowledge and skill
- improves productivity and efficiency by reflecting learning and highlighting the gaps in knowledge and expertise
373
Benefits of CPD to the organization
- Maximizes staff potential
- helps employees to set smart objectives
- promotes staff development
- add value for reflecting
- Linking to appraisals
374
Continuing Professional Development
- ensures the competency of professional
- longest phase of professional education
- provides a structured framework
- the development of one's lnowledge, skills amd attitude significantly relevant to capability
375
Continuing Professional Education
- Training that is linear and formal
- focuses in learning a particulae skill or set of skills
376
RA 10912
The CPD Process
Each profession has its own CPD council which is composed of:
- Chair: A member from the PRB
- First member: Pres/officer of an Accredited Professional Org (APO) for medtechs; president of PAMET
- President/Officer of National Org. of deans/ Department chairpersons of schools, colleges, or universities
offering the course requiring the licensure examination as second member. (For Med Techs, president of pameth)
377
RA 10912
Sources of CPE Units
Seminars
- Participant:
Seminars
- Participant: 1
378
Sources of CPE Unit
Seminars
- Moderator:
3 CU/hr
379
Sources of CPE Units
Speaker:
5 CU/hr
380
Other Sources of CPE Units
- Academic preparation
• Research, Book Authorship
• Inventions
• Post Graduate Training
381
If a professional attended a training/seminar that was
not organized by a CPD provider, they can apply the said
training to the CPD council.
The council will convert such activities to CPD
credit units. The professional will be entitled to a Certificate of Credit Units earned. The evaluation period is 60 days
Affidavit of undertaking filed by a professional who cannot complete the req no. of units during PIC renewal
382
total CU required for RMT
45
383
total CU required for MLT
30
384
RA 10912
- The CPD is mandatory for renewal of PIC per compliance period of
- Full credit units are
- lapsed into law on
- took effect on
- formally implemented by_ on_
- 3 years
- givem for attenance and completion of assessment
- July 21, 2016
- Aug 16, 2016 following its publication
- PRC on March 15, 2017
385
RA 7170
Organ Donation Act of 1991
- - for deceased donors
- January 7, 1992
386
A person who provides blood, an organ, or semen for transplantation, transfusion, etc.
Donor
387
Filed a legacy to donate
Testator
388
- expression of intention
- statement of donor card
Legacy
389
- a person or something that receives the organ
Recipient
390
Who can give their parts as a donation?
- Deceased donors
- Living donors
the donor himself
the person who decides to donate
391
Qualifications of a Testator
- legal age
- with sound mind
392
Non-Testator
MD should get consent of relatives within 48 hrs
393
Any of the following persons may donate all or a part of the decedent's body
1. Spouse
2. son/daughter (above 18)
3. parent
4. siblings
5. Guardian at the time of death
394
Manner of executing a donation
- the death must be confirmed 1st
- in the absence of legacy, the physician in charge must look for a consent of relatives within 48 hrs
- Except: cornea (12 hrs)
395
Can a testator cancel the legacy?
Yes
- written statement
- oral statement with 2 witnesses
- through attending physician
396
RA 10069
Health Worker's day
May 7, 2012
397
RA 10586
Anti-Drunk and Drugged Driving Act of 2013
Gloria Arroyo
398
RA 9288
Newborn Screening Act of 2004
April 7, 2004
Pres. Gloria Macapafal-Arroyo
399
an essential public health strategy that enables the early detection and management of several congenital disorders, which if left untreated, may lead to mental retardation and/or death.
Newborn Screening
400
Newborn screening program in the Philippines currently
includes screening of six disorders:
- congenital hypothyroidism (CH)
- congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH)
- phenylketonuria (PKU)
- gluvose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency
- galactosemia (GAL)
- maple syrup urine disease (MSUD)
401
Organic Acid Disorders effect if not screened
- developmental delay
- breathing problems
- neurologic damage
- seizures
- Coms
- early death
402
Endocrine Disorders effect if not screened
- Severe mental retardation
- Death
403
Fatty Acid Oxidation disorder
- dev and physical delays
- neurologic impairment
- sudden death
- coma
-seizure
- enlargement of the heart and liver
- muscle weakness
404
Hemoglobinopathies effect if not screened
- painful crises
- anemia
- stroke
multi-organ failure
- death
405
Urea Cycle defect effect if not screened
- Seizure
- mental retardation
- death
406
Amino acid disorders
- mental retardation
- coma and death from metabolic crisis
407
Oragnic acid disorders if screened and managed
- Alive
- most will have normal dev with ep od metabolic crisis
408
Endocrine Disordees effect if screened and managed
- Alive
- Normal
409
Fatty Acid Oxidation Disordees effect if screened ans managed
- Usually healthy in between ep of metabolic crises
- Alive
410
Hemoglobinopathies effect if screened and managed
alive
- reduces the frequency of painful crises
- may reduce the need for blood transfusions
411
Urea cycle defect effect if screened and managed
- Alive
- Normal intelligence
412
Amino acid disorders effect if screened and managed
- Alive
- Normal growth
- Normal intelligence for some, learning problems to others
413
the Guidelines on the Implementation of the Expanded Newborn Screening Program
The expanded screening will include 22 more disorders: hemoglobinopathies and additional metabolic disorders, namely, organic acid, fatty acid oxidation, and amino acid disorders
AO No. 2014-0045
414
Collected of Blood samples from Newborns
- Medtechs
- midwives
- physicians
- nurses
415
A few drops of blood are taken from the baby’s heel, blotted on a special absorbentfilter card and then sent to Newborn
Screening Center (NSC)
Blood spot
416
RA 9288
Refusal to be tested
Article 3: Section 7
a parent or legal guardian may refuse testing on the grounds of religious beliefs but shall acknowledge in
writing their understanding that refusal for testing
places their newborn at risk for undiagnosed
heritable conditions. A copy of this refusal documentation shall be made part of the newborn's medical record and refusal shall be indicated in the national newborn screening database.
417
When is Newborn Screening done?
Within 24 hrs up to 3 days
NICU: Up to 7 days
418
Six Operational NSCs in the country
- NIH at UP manila
- Visayas
-Mindanao
- Central Luzon
- Southern Luzon
- Northern Luzon
419
Different Domains of Lab Management
1. Basic Management Principles
2. Laboratory Information Management
3. Laboratory Safety
4. Quality Management
420
- comes from italian maneggiate which means to handle,
- latin "manu agere" which means lead by hand
- comes from french word 'menagement" which meand the art of conducting/directing
- the effective motivation of men and the efficient utilization of resources
management
421
Functions of management
- foundation of management
- thinking and analyzing
- setting organizational goals
Planning
422
concerned with the identification of the mission
- long range planning
- normally completed by top-level managers
Strategic planning
423
- method on accomplishing the goal of the organization
- short range planning
- usually done by low-kevel managers
Tactical planning
424
- allows alternative courses of action when the primary plans that have been developed do not achieve the goals
Contingency planning
425
- grouping together of men and establishing rs among them
- defining authority and responsibility
Organizing
426
-proces in supervising, or leading worker to accomplish the goals of the organization
- involves giving assignments
- managers must have leadership skill
Directing
427
- involves the evaluation of activities
- process of determining if the company's goals and objectives are being met
Controlling
428
Management Levels
- First Line
- Middle Line
- Top Managers
429
- lowest level in organization
- Direct operating employees
- do not supervise other managers
- often called supervisor
First Line Managers
430
- more than one level in an organization
- direct activities of other managers
-direct activities that implement their organization policies
- chief of lab services
Middle line
431
- comparatively small group of exec
- overall management of the org
- operating policies and guides org
- president of hosp
Top managers
432
Management Approach
- Scientific
- Bureaucratic
- behavioral
- systematic
433
- step by step
- systematic approach
- phases of management
Scientific approach
434
- rule centered
Bureaucratic approach
435
- apprecaite efforts of people
- performance and interpersonal approach
Behavioral approach
436
- sensitive to needs of community
- continuos process of interacting itself and environment
- org as an open system
Sytematic approach
437
Skills of Manager by Robert Katz
Technical skill
Human skill
conceptual skill
438
Skills of Manager by Robert Katz
Lab procedure
Technical skill
439
Skills of Manager by Robert Katz
interpersonal skill
good communication
Human skill
440
Skills of Manager by Robert Katz
knowledge
Conceptual skill
441
Roles of a manager
- Interpersonal roles
- informational roles
- decisional roles
442
- a manager is a symbol/figurehead
- assigning certain documents required by law
- a manger serves as a leader: hires trains, encourages
- a manger serves as liaison bet outside contacts
Interpersonal roles
443
- gathers info in order to be well informed
- dissemination of info
- spokespersom/representative
Informational roles
444
- managers as entrep
- as disturbancehandlers
- resources allocation
- negotiators
decisional roles
445
- general statement of the purpose of the org
- may not be strictly measurable or tangible
- long term
- based on ideas
- broad plan
- generic action
GOAL
446
- specific and measurable statement of the purpose of the org
-must be measurable and tangible
- short term
- based on fact
- narrow plan
- specific action
Objective
447
Objective statement should be
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Time bound
448
Management Styles
Exploitative-Authoritative
Benevolent-Authoritative
Consultative
Participative
449
Management styles
- product oriented
- little concern to people
- maximizes effort of the people
- produce more products
Exploitative-Authoritative
450
Management Styles
-Paternal
- Little or no trust to employees
Benevolent-Authoritative
451
-Management styles
- opinion seeker
- own opinion is still followed
Consultative
452
Management styles
- Team approach
- everyone is seen as equals
Participative
453
Principles of Leadership
- Command responsibility
- unity of command
- pygmalion effect
- Mcgregor Theory
454
Principles of leadership
- respondeat superior: manager and staff are accountable
- respomdeat inferior: only the staff comcerned is accountable
Command Responsibility
455
Principles of Leadership
- One boss
Unity of Command
456
Principles of Leadership
- develop traits attributed to us
- employees tend to act expected by their leaders
Pygmalion Effect
457
- classify by how they perceive their employees
- to know how to motivate the employees
McGregor theory
458
- classify by how they perceive their employees
- to know how to motivate the employees
McGregor theory
459
- Lazy, Works for Salary
THEORY X
460
- Hardworking, Self-motivated
Theory Y
461
- Self controlled
- Quality of work
- collective decision making
- Flexible scheduling
- Job security
- Work concern (Ouichi)
Theory Z
462
Leadership Style
- Autocratic
- Democratic
- Bureaucratic
- Laissez faire
- charismatic
-Scalar principle
463
- classic type
- self-centered
- much power; one boss, all decision by 1
Autocratic
464
- shared authority
- Lets other decide
Democratic
465
- structure oriented
- follows policy
- does not bend the rules
Bureaucratic
466
- permissive type
- hands off to the employees
- allows employees to do whatever
Laissez faire
467
- attraction seeker
- graceful, approachable
Charismatic
468
Medical director does not go directly to the staff
Scalar principle
469
Comprehensive, cyclic, and structured approach for transitioning individuals, groups, and organizations from the
current state to a future state with intended business benefits
Management of Change
470
- formulating the change
- planning the change
- implementing
- managinh
- sustaining the change until it becomes routine
Process of change
471
- network of computers
- Incorporate all aspects of the info needs
- from the intake of request (pre-analytical), analytical, post-analytical
Laboratory Information System
472
- has discrete sections in hematology, chem, microbio, blood bank, generally separated into rooms or sections
Traditional "closed" laboratory
473
Different Lab Service Models
- Traditional "closed" lab
- Open lab
- core lab
- regional lab
- reference lab
- point of care
- stat lab
- limited service lab
474
- discrete services
- placed in one large room with portable walls
- can be adjusted as needed based on volume
Open laboratory
475
- common type of consolidation
- hema
- chem
- chematology (Bush, 1998)
advantages: handling stat requests, improving off-shift workflow, and avoiding chronic staffing prob
Core laboratory
476
- specific low volume or expensive lab services
- provided by more than one regional hosp lab
- consolidated into ome hosp
- virology or pcr testing into one
Regional Lab
477
- traditional full service lab
- handles all types of testing, esp esoteric tests
Reference lab
478
- brought into patient's bedside
- test menu is generally limited
- few basic chem, hema
- glucose, pregnancy, activated clotting time, blood gases
Point of care lab
479
- Rapid response lab
- Often located in or near an er dept or surfical suites
- critical lab tests
- hematocrits
-blood gases
Stat lab
480
- limited menu or routine
- cbc, chem panel, ptt, or special services
- fertility testing on a stat or non stat basis
- downsized hosp labs that retain stats and some routine tests but send most work to an off-site core lab
Limited service Lab
