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Private Pilot Oral Flashcards

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Charter Pilot (Part 135) - Oral flashcards
1
Q

Documents you must have when you fly?

A

Pilot Certificate, medical certificate and government issued ID.

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2
Q

Additional documents you must have when you fly as student pilot (PIC)

A

Logbook.

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3
Q

61.3

A

Documents needed to fly.

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4
Q

Limitations as student pilot.

A

No passengers.

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5
Q

Limitations as student pilot.

A

Cannot carry property for compensation or hire.

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6
Q

Limitations as student pilot.

A

Cannot fly furtherance of a business.

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7
Q

Limitations as student pilot.

A

Cannot fly with a flight or surface visibility of less than 3sm during the day and 5sm at night and flight must be made with visual references to the surface.

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8
Q

161.89

A

Limitations as student pilot.

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9
Q

Privileges of Private Pilots.

A

Act as PIC and carry passengers.

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10
Q

Privileges of Private Pilots.

A

Conduct search and rescue operations.

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11
Q

Privileges of Private Pilots.

A

Fly for charitable, non-profit, or community event.

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12
Q

Privileges of Private Pilots.

A

Act as an aircraft salesman if you have at least 200 hours.

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13
Q

61.113

A

Privileges of Private Pilots.

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14
Q

Limitations of Private Pilots.

A

Cannot fly for hire.

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15
Q

Limitations of Private Pilots.

A

Must pay no less than pro rata share.

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16
Q

91.146

A

Limitations of Private Pilots.

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17
Q

Do you need to take you logbook with you?

A

Only as a solo student pilot on a cross country flight.

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18
Q

61.51

A

When you do you need to take you logbook with you?

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19
Q

Types of Pilot Certificate, under 40.

A

Student Pilot Certificate expires after 60 calendar months.

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20
Q

Types of Pilot Certificate, over 40.

A

Student Pilot Certificate expires after 24 calendar months.

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21
Q

Types of Pilot Certificate, PPL, CPL, CFI, Ground Instructor & ATP.

A

Certificates are issued without an expiration date.

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22
Q

61.19

A

Types of Pilot Certificates and when they expire.

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23
Q

How to keep student pilot certificate current?

A

Valid Medical Certificate.

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24
Q

61.56

A

Keep student pilot current.

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25
Q

How to keep private pilot certificate current?

A

Flight review every 24 calendar months.

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26
Q

61.57

A

Keep private pilot current.

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27
Q

Currency requirements for carrying passengers, day.

A

Three takeoffs and landing within the preceding 90 days in an aircraft of the same category, class and type (if required).

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28
Q

Currency requirements for carrying passengers, night.

A

Three landings must be made to a full stop.

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29
Q

61.57

A

Currency requirements for carrying passengers.

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30
Q

When can you perform required night landings?

A

The time between evening civil twilight and morning civil twilight.

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31
Q

When can night landings be logged?

A

One hour after sunset to one hour before sunrise.

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32
Q

1.1

A

When can we perform night landings?

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33
Q

61.57

A

When can night landings be logged?

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34
Q

Medical certificates.

A

First Class, Second Class, and Third Class.

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35
Q

First Class Medical, under 40.

A

Valid for 12 calendar months.

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36
Q

First Class Medical, is required for

A

Pilots who exercise airline transport (ATP).

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37
Q

First Class Medical, over 40.

A

Must renew every six months.

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38
Q

Second Class Medical.

A

Valid for 12 calendar months.

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39
Q

Second Class Medical, is required for

A

Pilots carrying passengers or cargo for hire.

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40
Q

Third Class Medical, over 40.

A

Valid for 24 months.

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41
Q

Third Class Medical, under 40.

A

Valid for 60 months.

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42
Q

Third Class Medical, required for

A

Student Pilots, recreational pilots and private pilots (not for hire).

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43
Q

61.23

A

Medical Certification Validation.

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44
Q

What documents should be in the aircraft before flight?

A

ARROW.

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45
Q

What documents should be in the aircraft before flight?

A

Airworthiness Cartificate.

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46
Q

What documents should be in the aircraft before flight?

A

Registration.

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47
Q

What documents should be in the aircraft before flight?

A

Radio License (international flights).

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48
Q

What documents should be in the aircraft before flight?

A

Operating Limitations (POH).

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49
Q

What documents should be in the aircraft before flight?

A

Weight and Balance equipment list.

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50
Q

91.9, 91.203

A

ARROW.

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51
Q

Aircraft Registration Certificate expiration.

A

Three years.

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52
Q

PHAK 8-6

A

Aircraft Registration Certificate expiration.

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53
Q

What weight and balance information must be in the aircraft?

A

Updated weight and balance equipment list in the AFM.

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54
Q

Category.

A

Airplane, Rotorcraft, Glider, Lighter-Than-Air, etc.

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55
Q

Class.

A

Single Engine Land/Sea, Multi Engine Land/Sea.

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56
Q

Type.

A

Specific aircraft (only required for aircraft with a max gross weight equal or greater than 12,500 lbs, turbojet, or any aircraft specified by the FAA to require one.

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57
Q

61.5

A

Category, Class and Type.

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58
Q

61.31

A

Specifications of type.

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59
Q

If Pilot changed his permanent mailing address how long can they continue without notifying the FAA?

A

30 days.

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60
Q

61.60

A

If a pilot changes his permanent mailing address.

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61
Q

Does Airworthiness certificate expire?

A

Not as long as the inspections are kept up to date and manufacturer’s original design is adhered to.

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62
Q

Does the POH meet the requirements of having an AFM?

A

Yes, the POH for most light aircraft built after 1975 is also the FAA designated AFM.

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63
Q

PHAK 8-2

A

Does the POH meet the requirements of having an AFM?

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64
Q

Who says we have to follow the POH?

A

FAR 91.9 states “… no person may operate a civil aircraft without complying with the operating limitations specified in the approved Airplane or Rotorcraft Flight Manual…”

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65
Q

91.9

A

States that we have to follow the POH.

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66
Q

Who is responsible for ensuring an aircraft is maintained in an airworthy condition?

A

The owner/operator.

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67
Q

91.403

A

States who is responsible for ensuring an aircraft is maintained in an airworthy condition

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68
Q

Required Inspections.

A

AV1ATES.

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69
Q

Annual.

A

Every 12 calendar months.

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70
Q

91.409

A

Annual inspection.

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71
Q

VOR.

A

Every 30 days for IFR.

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72
Q

91.171

A

VOR inspection.

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73
Q

100 hours.

A

If airplane is being operated by hire.

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74
Q

Altimeter/Pitot Static.

A

Every 24 calendar months, required for IFR flights.

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75
Q

91.411

A

Altimeter/Pitot Static inspection.

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76
Q

Transponder.

A

Every 24 calendar months.

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77
Q

91.413

A

Transponder inspection.

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78
Q

Emergency Locator Transmitter.

A

Every 12 calendar months.

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79
Q

Emergency Locator Transmitter.

A

After 1 hour commutative use.

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80
Q

Emergency Locator Transmitter.

A

Half of battery life.

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81
Q

91.207

A

States when emergency Locator Transmitter needs to be replaced.

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82
Q

Service bulletins.

A

AD’s complied with.

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83
Q

What is Airworthiness Directive?

A

FAA issued order to fix a known issue. It is mandatory.

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84
Q

PHAK 8-12

A

What is Airworthiness Directive?

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85
Q

Different types of AD’s.

A

Emergency, One Time and Recurring.

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86
Q

Emergency AD.

A

These require immediate compliance before flight.

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87
Q

One Time AD.

A

After the AD is complied with once, there is not further need to address the specific issue.

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88
Q

Recurring AD.

A

Must be complied with at the specified interval.

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89
Q

Can you overfly an annual?

A

The only way is to obtain a special flight permit from the Flight Standard District Offices.

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90
Q

Can you overfly an 100 hours?

A

Can happen but no more than 10 hours and only if enroute to the place where the inspection will be done.

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91
Q

Can an annual inspection be substituted for the 100 hour?

A

Yes it can.

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92
Q

Can an 100 hour be substitute by an annual inspection?

A

Not it can’t.

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93
Q

91.409

A

States if we can overfly an annual or a 100 hours inspection.

94
Q

Do you need to have an ELT in the airplane today?

A

Not needed for training within 50 nm of home airport.

95
Q

91.207

A

States when we need an ELT.

96
Q

What equipment and instruments do you need to have in the airplane for today’s flight?

A

ATOMATOFLAMES.

97
Q

A (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Altimeter.

98
Q

T (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Tachometer.

99
Q

O (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Oil Temperature Gauge.

100
Q

M (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Magnetic Compass.

101
Q

A (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Airspeed Indicator.

102
Q

T (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Temperature Gauge.

103
Q

O (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Oil Pressure.

104
Q

F (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Fuel Quantity Gauge.

105
Q

L (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Landing Gear Position Indicator (for retractable gear).

106
Q

A (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Anti-collision lights (red: rotating beacon, white: strobes).

107
Q

M (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Manifold Pressure Gauge )for airplanes with a constant speed propeller).

108
Q

E (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Emergency Locator Transmitter.

109
Q

A (AV1ATES)

A

Annual.

110
Q

V (AV1ATES)

A

VOR

111
Q

1 (AV1ATES)

A

100 Hours.

112
Q

A (AV1ATES)

A

Altimeter/Pitot Static.

113
Q

T (AV1ATES)

A

Transponder.

114
Q

E (AV1ATES)

A

Emergency Locator Transmitter.

115
Q

S (AV1ATES)

A

Service Bulletins.

116
Q

S (ATOMATOFLAMES)

A

Seatbelts.

117
Q

Night Flight equipments

A

FLAPS.

118
Q

F (FLAPS)

A

Fuses.

119
Q

Fuses

A

3 of each kind or 1 complete set.

120
Q

L (FLAPS)

A

Landing lights.

121
Q

A (FLAPS)

A

Anti-collision light.

122
Q

P (FLAPS)

A

Position Lights (nav lights).

123
Q

Position Lights.

A

Also known as navigation lights (red on the left side, green on the right side and white on the tail).

124
Q

S (FLAPS)

A

Source of electricity.

125
Q

Source of electricity.

A

Battery or alternator.

126
Q

91.205c

A

States FLAPS requirements.

127
Q

What to do when a landing light is inoperative?

A

Cannot fly at night per the FARs,

128
Q

What to do when a landing light is inoperative?

A

During the day you would deactivate or remove the component and placard it inoperative.

129
Q

91.213

A

States what to do when landing lights is operative.

130
Q

Can you fly an airplane with known inoperative equipment?

A

Yes, if its not included in 91.205 and it has been deactivated/removed and placard inoperative.

131
Q

What is the Minimum Equipment List?

A

An FAA approved list of equipment that CAN BE inoperative.

132
Q

PHAK 8-9

A

Minimum Equipment List.

133
Q

Do we have a MEL?

A

No. We adherer to the regulations in 91.205 and 91.213 d.

134
Q

Can an aircraft owner change an MEL?

A

If a change is done, a letter and a proposed MEL that is based off of the Master MEL must be sent to the FAA for approval.

135
Q

The four forces of flight.

A

Lift, Weight, Thrust and Drag.

136
Q

Primary Flight Controls.

A

Aileron, Elevator, and Rudder.

137
Q

Elevator.

A

Pitch, lateral axis and longitudinal stability.

138
Q

Rudder.

A

Yaw, vertical axis and directional stability.

139
Q

Aileron.

A

Roll, longitudinal axis and lateral stability.

140
Q

Secondary flight controls

A

Flaps, leading edge devices, spoilers, and trim systems (anti-servo tab).

141
Q

How is lifted created?

A

Newton’s 3rd Law, and Bernoulli’s Principle.

142
Q

Newton’s 3rd Law.

A

Airfoils accelerate airflow downward. The equal and opposite reaction as described by Newton forces the airfoil upwards.

143
Q

Bernoulli’s Principle.

A

As the velocity of a fluid or gad increases the pressure decreases. High speed air over the upper surface creates low pressure area while comparatively lower speed air beneath the wing creates high pressure an upwards force that contributes to the total lift.

144
Q

PHAK 3-4

A

How is lift created?

145
Q

Different Types of Drag.

A

Parasite and Induced.

146
Q

Parasite.

A

Increases with speed. Some types include form, skin friction, and interference drag.

147
Q

Induced.

A

Byproduct of lift, decreases with speed.

148
Q

What is the airspeed where Induced and Parasite drag meet?

A

Vg: Best glide speed. Also described as L/D Max or the maximum lift to drag ratio.

149
Q

Describe the various components of an airfoil.

A

Mean camber line, leading edge, chord line, and trailing edge.

150
Q

PHAK 3-8

A

Various components of an airfoil.

151
Q

What is camber?

A

Curvature of the wing.

152
Q

Can we change the camber?

A

Yes, by extending/retracting flaps.

153
Q

What is angle of incidence?

A

The angle between the wing chord line and the fuselage.

154
Q

Can we change the angle of incidence?

A

No, it cannot be changed.

155
Q

What is center of gravity?

A

The point where the aircraft is balanced or the place where the entire weight is concentrated.

156
Q

What happens when the center of gravity moves forward?

A

Lower cruise speed, higher stall speed, more stable, favorable stall recovery, difficulty in rotating and rounding out during landing. Also, difficulty in steering can result.

157
Q

What happens when the center of gravity moves aft?

A

Higher cruise speed, lower stall speed, less stable, adverse stall recovery, shorter arm between CG and control surfaces on the tail makes them less effective.

158
Q

What causes a wing to stall?

A

Anytime the critical angle of attack is exceeded.

159
Q

PHAK 4-22

A

States what causes a wing to stall.

160
Q

How does temperature change the takeoff distance?

A

High temperatures = less dense air.

161
Q

How does air density change the takeoff distance?

A

Less dense air exerts less force on airfoils (wings and propeller) making them less efficient and also deprives the engine of power. This leads to longer take off rolls and decreases climb performance.

162
Q

How does weight change the takeoff distance?

A

Higher weight also leads to longer take off rolls and increased landing distance because it takes more engine power to accelerate a heavy aircraft to Vr and more braking power to slow the aircraft down.

163
Q

PHAK 10-2

A

States how temperature, weight and air density change the takeoff distance?

164
Q

Different types of airspeeds.

A

IAS, CAS, TAS and GS.

165
Q

Different types of altitudes.

A

Indicated, pressure, density, true and absolute.

166
Q

IAS.

A

Indicated.

167
Q

CAS.

A

Calibrated (IAS corrected for instrument, position, and installation error). It is equal to TAS in the standard atmosphere at sea level.

168
Q

TAS.

A

True (CAS corrected for non-standard temperature and pressure).

169
Q

GS.

A

Ground (TAS corrected for wind).

170
Q

Indicated.

A

Altitude as read off of the altimeter with appropriate setting.

171
Q

Pressure.

A

Vertical distance above the standard datum plane: a theoretical plan where sea level pressure exists.

172
Q

Pressure.

A

It can be found by setting 29.92 in Kollsman window and reading the altitude.

173
Q

Density.

A

Pressure altitude corrected for non-standard temperature.

174
Q

True.

A

Vertical distance above sea level (MSL).

175
Q

Absolute.

A

Vertical distance above terrain (AGL).

176
Q

Calculate Pressure Altitude.

A

PA= altitude (field elevation) + (29.92 - current altimeter setting) x 1000.

177
Q

Calculate Density Altitude.

A

DA= PA + [120 x (outside air temperature in degrees celsius - standard temperature for that altitude)]

178
Q

What factors affect air density?

A

Heat, Height and Humidity.

179
Q

How does heat affect air density?

A

Warm air expands is less dense.

180
Q

How does height affect air density?

A

Air at higher altitudes is less dense.

181
Q

How does humidity affect air density?

A

A parcel of humid air is less dense because water molecules take up more room and spread out the air molecules.

182
Q

PHAK 10-4

A

States what factos affect air density.

183
Q

What are the maximum ramp, takeoff and landing weight for the airplanes?

A

2550 lbs.

184
Q

POH 1-4

A

States the maximum ramp, takeoff and landing weight for the airplanes

185
Q

What is ramp weight?

A

Max weight approved for ground maneuvers (taxi).

186
Q

What is takeoff weight?

A

Max weight approved for takeoff run.

187
Q

POH 1-8

A

States the difference between ramp and takeoff wight.

188
Q

Max crosswind component for aircraft.

A

17 knots.

189
Q

How does headwinds affect takeoff and landing?

A

Decreases takeoff and landing roll.

190
Q

How does tailwind affect takeoff and landing?

A

Increases the takeoff and landing roll.

191
Q

How much does one gallon of 100LL weight?

A

6 lbs.

192
Q

PHAK 9-5

A

States how much does one gallon of 100LL weight.

193
Q

Different V-speeds.

A

Vso45, Vs1 50, Vy76, Vx64, Vfe102, Va89-113, Vno125 and Vne154.

194
Q

Vso.

A
  1. Stalling speed in the landing configuration.
195
Q

Vs1.

A
  1. Stalling speed in specified configuration.
196
Q

Vy.

A
  1. Best rate of climb ( greatest altitude gain per unit of time).
197
Q

Vx.

A
  1. Best angle of climb (greatest altitude gain per distance over the ground).
198
Q

Vfe.

A
  1. Flap Extension speed.
199
Q

Va.

A

89-113. Design maneuvering speed (heavier aircraft = higher maneuvering speed).

200
Q

Vno.

A
  1. Maximum structural cruising speed (flight above this speed only permissible in smooth air).
201
Q

Vne.

A
  1. NEVER exceed speed.
202
Q

PHAK 10-17 and POH section 2

A

V-Speeds section.

203
Q

Does Vg change?

A

Is only 76 at max gross weight. Will be slower at a lower weight.

204
Q

Why would you want to climb at Vx?

A

Because is used to clear an obstacle.

205
Q

Why would you want to climb at Vy?

A

Because is used to get to altitude in the shortest amount of time.

206
Q

Left Turning Tendencies.

A

Torque: clockwise spinning prop causes airplane to roll left about the longitudinal axis. This is an example of Newton’s 3rd Law.

207
Q

Left Turning Tendencies.

A

On the ground, this left rolling tendency causes more weight to be on the left main gear thereby increasing the friction and inducing a left yawing tendency.

208
Q

Left Turning Tendencies Gyroscopic Preccession.

A

During a decent tail raise and causes a force to felt on the top of the propeller. The resultant force is therefore 90 degrees ahead in the direction of the rotation.

209
Q

Different types of stability.

A

Lateral, Longitudinal, Vertical, Neutral, Positive, Negative, Static and Dynamic.

210
Q

Lateral Stability.

A

Resistance to roll.

211
Q

Longitudinal Stability.

A

Resistance to pitch.

212
Q

Vertical Stability.

A

Resistance to yaw.

213
Q

Positive Stability.

A

Tendency to return to equilibrium.

214
Q

Neutral Stability.

A

Tendency to stay in new position.

215
Q

Negative Stability.

A

Tendency to continue to move away from equilibrium.

216
Q

Static Stability.

A

Initial tendency.

217
Q

Dynamic Stability.

A

Response over time.

218
Q

Describe the engine in this aircraft.

A

Naturally aspirated 180Hp Lyncomming 0-360-A4M horizontally opposed 4 cylinder air cooled direct drive carbureted reciprocating piston engine.

219
Q

What does “normally aspirated” mean?

A

Ambient air enters the intake manifold: there is no turbo or supercharger.

220
Q

What is used to cool the engine?

A

Air intakes at the front of the engine cowling allow outside air to cool the cylinders. Fins on the filters allow a greater surface area to be exposed and thus cooled by the air. Engine oil is crucial in internal engine cooling.

221
Q

Why do we need oil in the engine?

A

Lubricates: all of the engine’s moving part.
Cools: reduces friction and removes heat from the cylinders.
Seals: it creates a seal between the cylinder walls and pistons.
Cleans: carries away contaminants inside of the engine.

222
Q

What is the oil capacity of your aircraft?

A

8 qts.

223
Q

What type of oil do we use?

A

W15W-50.

224
Q

What type of propeller do we have?

A

76” Sensenich fixed pitch.

225
Q

What does the mixture control do?

A

As we gain altitude, the air becomes less dense. If we do not make any adjustments then we will have an excessively rich fuel/air mixture.

226
Q

AVGAS 100 color.

A

Green.

227
Q

AVGAS 100LL color.

A

Blue.

228
Q

Jet A.

A

Colorless or straw.

229
Q

Why do you drain a sample of fuel before each flight?

A

Because it is heavier it always sinks to the bottom of the fuel tanks. We also want to visually inspect the fuel for the proper grade and to make sure that it is free of sediment.

230
Q

What is the difference between controlled and uncontrolled airspace?

A

Class G is the only uncontrolled airspace. ATC has no jurisdiction.

231
Q

A airspace.

A

FL 180 to FL 600. Instrument Rating and IFR flight plan needed. Mode C Transponder and 2-way radio communication and no weather minimums.

232
Q

B airspace.

A

Upside down wedding cake design up to 10,000 MSL, enforcement needed if student pulo

Private Pilot (1 decks)

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