Private Multi Oral Review Flashcards
In what three situations will the landing gear horn activate?
Gear not down with less than 15” MP
Gear not down with flaps 25-40
Gear handle is in the up position on the ground
What grade fuel is to be used in the PA-44?
100 LL (Blue)
How much climb performance is lost when an engine fails?
Up to 80%
Why is an aft CG used in determining VMC?
Adverse condition – least rudder effectiveness
What are the factors in determining VMC?
S – Standard day at sea level M – Max Power A – Aft CG C – Critical engine windmilling F – Flaps up / Gear up U - Up to 5° bank M – Most unfavorable weight
Why is the manifold pressure gauge not necessarily a good indicator in determining an inoperative engine
It will still display something due to ambient air pressure, so may seem to indicate that the gauge is still operative.
Vr
75 Rotation speed
What is the maximum baggage capacity?
200
Vno
169 Max structural cruising speed
Is the engine turbo-charged or normally aspirated?
Normally aspirated
What are the indications of a failed alternator?
Annunciator light, 0 indication on loadmeter
What is the horsepower rating?
180 each @ 2700 RPM
Explain the pitot static system.
Uses ram air and static air pressure to create differential information to the AS, Alt, and VSI
Define VSSE.
Safe speed for intentional engine failure
Vne
202 Never exceed speed
Vmc
56 Minimum controllable airspeed
When an engine is inoperative or feathered, what indication will be observed on the manifold pressure gauge?
Ambient air pressure
Vle
140 Maximum speed with gear extended
Describe the landing gear system.
Hydraulically actuated, fully retractable, tricycle-type,landing gear, Hydraulic pressure for gear operation is provided by an electrically powered, reversible hydraulic pump.
Vlo (up)
109 Maximum gear retraction speed
What indications would occur in the event of a vacuum pump failure?
Annuciator panel light, Red pump inoperative indicator on vacuum gauge
What does oil pressure do to the propeller
Oil pressure drives prop blade pitch into higher pitch, or even feather.
Are the brake and the landing gear hydraulics interconnected?
No, they are independent
What keeps the gear in the down position?
Springs
Downlock hooks
What are the various positions on the fuel selector control?
On
Off
X Feed
Why is the right engine labeled LO-360?
It rotates to the left / Counter Rotating
How is the landing gear actuated? Describe the pump.
Hydraulically actuated
Electric powered Reversible hydraulic pump
How many vacuum pumps does the PA-44 have?
Two engine drive pumps
What are the maximum taxi, takeoff, and landing weights?
Taxi - 3816
Takeoff - 3800
Landing - 3800
Which lever manipulates oil pressure to the propeller?
Prop lever (Blue)
How many cylinders?
4 per engine
Vsse
82 Safe speed for intentional engine failure
Vxse
82 Best angle of climb single-engine
Which unit regulates oil pressure to the propeller?
Prop governor
Vyse
88 Best rate of climb single-engine
Describe the electrical system.
14 Volt electrical system, Push Type CB, 12 Volt battery, Two 70 Amp Alternator
Describe the fuel system.
55 Gal bladder Nacelle Tanks (54 usable), 2 engine driven fuel pumps, 2 electric driven fuel pumps (engine start, takeoff, fuel sector changes), 100 LL, X Feed
If Hydraulic pressure is suddenly lost in flight, what indication, if any, would you have?
No indication
Gear would free fall
How many fuel pumps are on the aircraft?
4 pumps total
2 engine driven
2 electric driven
Describe the vacuum system.
Two engine driven vacuum pumps with suction limits of 4.8 – 5.2
What are the flap settings on the Seminole?
0,10,25,40
Explain how to cross feed fuel.
Pump on, Fuel selector to x feed, Check fuel pressure, Pump off, Check pressure
What are centrifugal stop pins?
Pins that prevent the prop from feathering below 950 RPM
What causes an aircraft to sideslip with the loss of an engine, and what action is required to correct this?
Thrust from operating engine causes yaw. Rudder must be applied to maintain heading causing side slip
Banking the plane up to 5°. Keeping the ball split towards the operating engine.
What is the true purpose of the centrifugal stop pins?
To stop the prop from feathering below 950 RPM
Describe the stall warning system.
Two electric stall detectors, Inboard detector – stall warning flaps 25-40, Outboard detector – stall warning flaps 0-10
What is the purpose of the spring in the prop dome?
In combination with the nitrogen accumulator, it is used for unfeathering the prop.
Does the PA-44 have an alternate static source? If so, how is it activated and what actions are. necessary to acquire the most accurate reading?
Yes, under left side instrument panel. Close windows and vents, heat and defrost on, and touch to remove moisture.
How is ignition provided?
Two magnetos on each engine
How are the cylinders arranged?
Horizontally opposed – Direct Drive
Vx
82 Best angle of climb
If you lose gear hydraulics, will you still have brakes?
Yes, Independent systems
Who is the manufacturer?
Lycoming
Vso
55 Stall Speed in landing Config
Why does manifold pressure decrease approximately 1” every 1,000’ during climb?
Lowering of ambient air pressure with increase in altitude.
Where is the pitot static port located?
On the heated pitot mast, under left wing
Va 2700 lbs
112 Maneuvering speed at 2700 lbs.
Define critical engine and list the factors used to determine it.
Critical Engine:
Engine that, when fails has the most adversely affects on performance and handling
Factors P. P-Factor A. Accelerated Slipstream S. Spiraling Slipstream T. Torque
What are the minimum and maximum oil capacities in the 1979 and 2000 model Seminoles?
6-8
Vlo (down)
140 Maximum gear extension speed
Will the propeller always feather?
No, not below 950 RPM
Vs
57 Stall Speed with zero flaps
If an engine failure occurred at 5,000’ MSL, or a high density altitude, what would you do to get max performance from the operating engine after performing the In-Flight Engine Failure Checklist?
Reduce drag by securing the engine
Feather inop engine
Mixture cutoff inop engine
Lean operating engine
Which instruments are vacuum operated?
Attitude gyro, HIS (without Slave)
Define constant speed.
Prop governor regulates oil pressure to change prop blade pitch to maintain a constant RPM
What unit will not allow the gear to be retracted on the ground?
Squat switch
What is the procedure to extend the gear manually (Emergency Gear Extension)?
Gear selector in down position
Pull red emergency gear extension knob
What airspeed is of importance during manual gear extension?
Maximum of 100 KIAS
What unit adjusts the propeller to maintain a constant RPM and how does it do it?
Prop governor, oil pressure and flyweights
What documents are required to be on the aircraft?
Air Worthiness Registration Radio operator lic. Operator Handbook Weight ad balance External Data Plate Compass deviation Card
What indicates that the gear is in transit and the hydraulic pump is activated?
In transit annunciator
If the cylinder head temp and oil temp approach the caution range, what can be done to assist in cooling?
Enrich the mixture, reduce power, open cowl flaps
Explain lost communications procedures.
Transponder 7600
Fly to nearest airfield and observe traffic pattern above TPA
Look for light gun signals (tower airports)
Land
Who determines VMC for a particular aircraft?
Aircraft manufacture
What instruments are pitot static?
Airspeed, altimeter, and vertical speed indicator.
Will the propeller feather below 950 RPM. Why or why not?
No, centrifugal stop pins prevent feathering below 950
Does it have fuel injectors or a carburetor?
Carburetor
How do you prevent a heater overheat?
Ground
Turn the three position switch to FAN for two mins with the air intake lever in the open position before tug the switch off
In-Flight
Leave the air intake open for minimum of 15 sec after turning the switch to off
Will the engines continue to run with the alternator and battery master
Yes, Magnetos will power the engine
What keeps the gear in the up position?
Hydraulic pressure
Vy
88 Best rate of climb
When are the electric fuel pumps to be used?
Takeoff, Landing, fuel selector change, Maneuvers
What is the function of the nitrogen cylinder?
Helps drive the blades to a high pitch-low RPM angle. (Feathered)
What is the maximum demonstrated crosswind component?
17 knots
What are the drag factors on light twins?
Flaps
Windmilling prop
Gear extended
Vfe
111 Maximum flap extension speed
Define VMC.
Minimum controllable airspeed with critical engine inop
What aircraft equipment checks are required under FAR part 91?
Life limited parts – 91.417 VFR Day – 91.205(b) VFR Night – 91.205(c). IFR – 91.205(b) Inoperative equipment 91.213 (d)
Define full feathering.
Prop blades are in alignment with the relative wind
Va 3800 lbs
135 Maneuvering speed at 3800 lbs.
What is the correct action for a propeller overspeed?
Retard the throttle, prop lever to full “decrease RPM”, Maintain maximum 2700 RPM
Define absolute and single-engine service ceiling.
Absolute:
Maximum density altitude that an aircraft can attain/maintain with the critical Engine inoperative
Single Engine
Maximum density altitude at which the single engine best rate of climb airspeed at 50 FPM
Who makes the propellers?
Hartzell
What is the fuel capacity? How many gallons are unusable?
55 gals in each engine
54 usable in each engine
What are the normal vacuum operating limits?
4.8 – 5.2
What type of flaps does the Seminole have?
Manual Flap system
Explain the procedure for cross feeding fuel when operating the right
Right Engine fuel pump on Right fuel selector to x feed Check right fuel pressure Right engine electric pump off Check right engine fuel pressure
Allows blades to remain in low pitch at shutdown
Prevents engine damage
