Principles Of Therapeutics And Drug Action

Question 1

Drug

Answer 1

Any substance that affects the structure or functioning of a living organism. They are used for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease and for the relief of symptoms.

Question 2

Prophylactic

Answer 2

A drug or procedure aimed to prevent disease

Question 3

Palliative

Answer 3

A drug or procedure aimed to relieve symptoms

Question 4

Therapeutic

Answer 4

A drug or procedure aimed to cure disease.

Question 5

Tolerance

Answer 5

The increased resistance to the usual effects of an established dose of a particular drug

Question 6

Effective Dose (ED50)

Answer 6

The concentration at which 50% of the subjects show a pre-defined response.

Question 7

Efficacy

Answer 7

The inherent capability of a drug to produce a desired effect. The extent of functional change imparted to a receptor upon binding of a drug.

Question 8

Potency

Answer 8

Compares the relative effectiveness of drugs to produce a desired effect.

Question 9

Clinical Pharmacology

Answer 9

The study of drugs in human patients

Question 10

Toxicology

Answer 10

The study of harmful rather than therapeutic effects

Question 11

Pharmacy

Answer 11

Involves manufacture, preparation, and dispensing of drugs

Question 12

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 12

the effects of the drug and their mechanisms of action (how it works/ what a drug does to the body)

Question 13

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 13

The way the body affects the drug with time (what the body does to a drug - absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion)

Question 14

Specificity

Answer 14

The ability of a drug to combine with a particular type of receptor

Question 15

Agonists

Answer 15

Chemicals or drugs that activate receptors and produce a response.

Question 16

Antagonists

Answer 16

Drugs that combine with receptors but do not activate them.

Question 17

Competitive Antagonists

Answer 17

Bind reversible with receptors and the tissue response can be returned to normal by increasing the dose of agonists.

Question 18

Irreversible Antagonists

Answer 18

Have an effect that cannot be reversed by increasing the concentration of agonist.

Question 19

Transmitter substances

Answer 19

Chemicals released from nerve terminals which diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to the receptors.
- Activates receptors by changing their conformation, triggers a sequence of postsynaptic events resulting in muscle contraction or glandular secretion.

Question 20

Transmitters are inactivated by…

Answer 20

• enzymatic degradation
• reputable