Principles Of Sx: Aseptic Technique Flashcards
Antisepsis
Prev of infection by exclusion, destruction, or inhibition of growth from body tissues or skin
Antiseptics
Inorganic compounds that inhibit microbe growth on skin
Asepsis
Absence of microorganisms that cause disease
Decontamination
Cleaning, disinfection, or sterilization processes that make contaminated items safe to touch
Disinfection
Chemical/mechanical destruction of pathogens
Irreducible minimum
Can’t reduce amt of bacteria any further
Spatial relationships
Be aware of your surroundings & whats sterile/not sterile
What to do in OR
DO: minimize talking & moving; scrubbed team face sterile field; sx team remain in OR
What not to do in OR
Reach over sterile field if not scrubbed in
If you question the sterility, then…
Object is contaminated
Sterile area on Sx gowns
Waist to shoulder
3 levels of critical sterility
- critical
- semi-critical
- non-critical
Critical sterility
- objects enter the body
- MUST BE STERILIZED
Semi-critical sterility
- contacts the skin or mmfor sx purpose
- no penetration of body
- CLEAN & DISINFECT
Non-critical sterility
- object contacts mm and skin
- not directly assc. w/ sx
- CLEAN & DISINFECT
T or F: items in a wet container are sterile
False, they are not
If you start sx seated, you must finish it…
Seated
Patients w/ known pathogenic microbes should be…
Isolated
What disinfectant can’t be used on skin?
Chlorhexidine
What disinfectant can be used on mm?
Iodine
Use of isopropyl alcohol? Is it a good disinfectant &/or antiseptic?
- spot cleaning; injection site prep
- good disinfect
- very good antiseptic
MOA of alcohol
- protein denaturation
- cell lysis
- interruption
Chlorine compounds
- good disinf.
- fair antisept.
- release free chlorine & O2
- corrosive to metal
Iodine compounds
- good disinfectant/antiseptic
- stains
- iodination & oxidation of essential molecules
Glutaraldehyde: 2% alkaline solution
- disinfect lenses & delicate instruments
- good disinfectant & sterilizer
- not an antiseptic
- protein & nucleic acid alkylation
- lil stinky, so rinse
6 sterilization methods
Pressurized steam, Ethylene oxide, Plasma, Paracetic acid sterilization, Ionizing radiation, Cold chemical
(Use proper indicator strips)
Wraps should be penetrable to ______ & impenetrable to ______
- penetrable to gas or steam
- impenetrable to microbes
Woven wraps
- penetrate pack
- shorter shelf life
- higher thread ct= higher shelf life
Double wrapped packs have a _______ shelf life compared to the singles
Longer
Non-woven wraaps
- water resistant
- increased shelf life
- made of cellulose
- weaker
After autoclaving, packs should be…
Allowed to dry & cool
What determines the shelf life of sterilized packs?
Events
Common contaminants during sx (7)
Staph, Strep, Corynebacterium, Pityrosporum, E. Coli, Enterobacter, Clostridium
If implants are involved, then infection can happen in….
30 days-1 yr
Most common sx infection site
Skin
Fasting for general sx
6-12 hrs prior
Fasting times for neonates
2 hrs prior
Is H2O restricted pre-sx?
No
Always allow animal to do what before Sx?
Pee & poop
You should confirm what pre- Sx?
Patient, procedure, sx site
It doing a lower GI surgery, then give
Abx as needed
Before doing abdominal sx on males, you should
Do preputial flush w/ iodine solution
How many cycles of cleansing scrub should you use?
3
Hanging leg prep
- Circumferential clipping
- cover distal limb
- drape out of field
Abdominal incision specifics
From xiphoid to pubis
