Principles of programming

Question 1

What is a class?

Answer 1

a data structure that can hold data and functions; a template for creating objects

Question 2

What is an object?

Answer 2

Something produced according to the template of class

Question 3

What is a method?

Answer 3

Controls the behaviour of a class

Question 4

What is encapsulation?

Answer 4

Data is hidden (encapsulated) in a function. Outside world will call the function but won’t necessarily know what’s in it
Can’t access data directly- hidden so it’s safe from accidental alteration

Question 5

What are UML diagrams?

Answer 5

Unified modelling language

• Standard way to design and plan OOP system
• Allows systems analysts, programmers and clients to communicate
• Makes system maintenance easier

Question 6

What are features of procedural language?

Answer 6

• Work sequentially
• Made up of statements e.g selection, iteration, procedures
• Made up of a series of commands
• Simplest programming paradigm
• Use statements to change state of program
  e. g Python, C

Question 7

What are features of visual programming language?

Answer 7

Uses intuitive user interfaces to help build program
not ideal for larger more advanced problems
less space for code as taken up by interface
uses elements of event driven paradigm.
e.g scratch, blocky