Principles of growth and development

Question 1

1. Which of the following is appropriate language development for an 8-month-old? The child should be:
   a. . Saying “dada” and “mama” specifically (“dada” to father and “mama” to mother).
   b. Saying three other words besides “mama” and “dada.”
   c. Saying “dada” and “mama” nonspecifically.
   d. Saying “ball” when parents point to a ball.

Answer 1

c. Saying “dada” and “mama” nonspecifically.

Question 2

2. The nurse is teaching the parents of an 8-month-old about what the child should eat. The nurse should include which of
   the following points in the teaching plan?
   a. Items from all four food groups should be introduced to the infant by the time the child is 10 months old.
   b. Solid foods should not be introduced until the infant is 10 months old.
   c. Iron deficiency rarely develops before 12 months of age, so iron-fortified cereals not are introduced until the infant
   is 12 months old.
   d. The infant’s diet can be changed from formula to whole milk when the infant is 12 months old.

Answer 2

d. The infant’s diet can be changed from formula to whole milk when the infant is 12 months old

Question 3

3. A 10-month-old looks for objects that have been removed from his view. The nurse should instruct the parents that:
   a. Neuromuscular development enables the child to reach out and grasp objects.
   b. The child’s curiosity has increased.
   c. The child understands the permanence of objects even though the child cannot see them.
   d. The child is now able to transfer objects from hand to hand.

Answer 3

c. The child understands the permanence of objects even though the child cannot see them

Question 4

4. A parent brings a 4-month-old to the clinic for a regular well visit and expresses concern that the infant is not
   developing appropriately. Which findings in the infant would indicate the need for further developmental screening?
   a. Has no interest in peek-a-boo games.
   b. Does not turn front to back.
   c. Does not babble.
   d. Continues to have head lag.

Answer 4

c. Does not babble.

Question 5

5. A 2-year-old tells his mother he is afraid to go to sleep because “the monsters will get him.” The nurse should tell his
   mother to:
   a. Allow him to sleep with his parents in their bed whenever he is afraid.
   b. Increase his activity before he goes to bed, so he eventually falls asleep from being tired.
   c. Read a story to him before bedtime and allow him to have a cuddly animal or a blanket.
   d. Allow him to stay up an hour later with the family until he falls asleep

Answer 5

c. Read a story to him before bedtime and allow him to have a cuddly animal or a blanket.

Question 6

6. A 2-year-old always puts his teddy bear at the head of his bed before he goes to sleep. The parents ask the nurse if
   this behavior is normal. The nurse should explain to the parents that toddlers use ritualistic patterns to:
   a. Establish a sense of identity.
   b. Establish control over adults in their environment.
   c. Establish sequenced patterns of learning behavior.
   d. Establish a sense of security

Answer 6

d. Establish a sense of security

Question 7

7. The mother asks the nurse for advice about discipline for her 18-month-old. Which of the following should the nurse
suggest that the mother use?
a. Structured interactions.
b. Spanking.
c. Reasoning.
d. Time out

Answer 7

D. Time out

Question 8

8. When assessing for pain in a toddler, which of the following methods should be the most appropriate?
   a. Ask the child about the pain.
   b. Observe the child for restlessness.
   c. Use a numeric pain scale.
   d. Assess for changes in vital signs

Answer 8

b. Observe the child for restlessness.

Question 9

9. The mother of a 4-year-old expresses concern that her child may be hyperactive. She describes the child as always in motion, constantly dropping and spilling things. Which of the
   following actions would be appropriate at this time?
   a. Determine whether there have been any changes at home.
   b. Explain that this is not unusual behavior.
   c. Explore the possibility that the child is being abused.
   d. Suggest that the child be seen by a pediatric neurologist

Answer 9

b. Explain that this is not unusual behavior.

Question 10

10. After teaching a group of parents of preschoolers attending a well-child clinic about oral
    hygiene and tooth brushing, the nurse determines that the teaching has been successful when
    the parents state that children can begin to brush their teeth without help at which of the
    following ages?
    a. 3 years.
    b. 2. 5 years.
    c. 7 years.
    d. 9 years

Answer 10

c. 7 years.