Principles of Flight Flashcards
How many gaseous layers make up the Earth’s atmosphere?
Four
- Troposphere
- Stratosphere
- Mesosphere
- Thermosphere.
What is the Ionosphere?
The Ionosphere is a region of the atmosphere that is ionized by solar and cosmic radiation.
It is 75-1000 km above the Earth. Solar energy and cosmic rays, have stripped one or more of their electrons from atoms in this area, or “ionized,” and are therefore positively charged.
The ionized electrons behave as free particles. The Sun’s upper atmosphere, the corona, is very hot and produces a constant stream of plasma and UV and X-rays that flow out from the Sun and affect, or ionize, the Earth’s ionosphere.
How does temperature behave as you rise through atmospheric layers?
Temperature falls steadily through the troposphere to the tropopause where it then remains constant through the stratosphere but rises in the warm upper layers. It then falls again in the mesosphere and increases rapidly in the thermosphere.
What is an ideal fluid?
An ideal fluid is a fluid in which there is no cohesion between the molecules, and thus no internal friction, and which is incompressible. They do not exist in nature.
What is fluid pressure?
Fluid pressure is a measurement of the force per unit area on a object in the fluid or on the surface of a closed container.
This pressure can be caused by gravity, acceleration, or by forces outside a closed container. Since a fluid has no definite shape, its pressure applies in all directions
What is the composition of air?
The composition of air is:
Nitrogen (78.08%)
Oxygen (20.94%)
Argon (0.93%)
Carbon Dioxide (0.03%)
Trace Gases
For practical purposes what is the composition of air?
21 % Oxygen
78% Nitrogen
At what temperature (K and C) does absolute zero occur?
0 K
-273.15 C
How do you convert Celsius measures to Kelvin?
To convert Celsius to Kelvin add 273.15.
