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Principles of Flight 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 components of a Turbofan Engine provide the Thrust force

A

Air Intake, Compressor, Combustion Chamber, Turbine

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2
Q

What are the 3 movable parts of a wing

A

Flaps, Slats, Aileron

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3
Q

What parts of the wing are exteded downwards during take off

A

Flaps and Slats

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4
Q

Why are Flaps and Slats extended for Take off

A

Air is deflected more giving a greater lifting force

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5
Q

What 3 wing attachments help to Navigate the Plane

A

Aileron, Elevator and Rudder

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6
Q

What attachment to a Plane is used to Ascend and Descend a Plane

A

Elevator

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7
Q

What wing Attachments turn the Direction of a Plane

A

Rudder and Ailerons

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8
Q

What is a semi-automatic and typically computer-regulated system for controlling the flight of an aircraft

A

Fly-by-wire system

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9
Q

Where are Fuel Tanks typically stored on most planes

A

The Wings

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10
Q

Why are Flaps activated for Landing

A

Because the induce Drag

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11
Q

other that Flaps what other movable part of the wing can be activated to slow the plane down

A

Spoilers

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12
Q

What is the opposite to Thrust

A

Drag

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13
Q

What is the opposite to lift

A

weight (Gravity)

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14
Q

What is a good way to experience Drag

A

By extending your hand out of the widow of a moving car

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15
Q

What is another term for Drag

A

Air Resistance

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16
Q

What is needed to overcome Drag

A

Enough Thrust

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17
Q

What Aerodynamic Phenomenon induces Lift

A

Air Pressure

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18
Q

Who Was the Swiss Mathematician, that experimented with Water pipes that realized fluid pressure

A

Daniel Bernoulli

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19
Q

Where is air Deflected downwards

A

Back of the wing

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20
Q

What is the term used that is a number that aerodynamicists use to model all of the complex dependencies of shape, inclination, and some flow conditions on lift.

A

Coefficient of Lift

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21
Q

What is the term used to describe The pressure imbalance that produces lift that creates a problem at the wing tips. The higher-pressure air below a wing spills up over the wing tip into the area of lower-pressure air above. … are especially strong during takeoff and landing, when an airplane is flying slowly with its wings tilted upward.

A

Air Vorteices

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22
Q

Aircraft move around how many Axes

A

3

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23
Q

What are the 3 axes of a plane

A

Pitch, Roll, Yaw

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24
Q

Whar are the 5 major components of a plane

A

Fuselage Empanage Wing Powerplant Landing Gear

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25
What is the Fuselage
the central body of an Airlplane
26
What are the 3 different types of Fuselage designs
Trus, Semi monoqoque, Monoqoque
27
What are the names given to a 1 wing and 2 wing plane
Monoplane and Bi-plane
28
Where can the Wings be placed on a Fuselage
Above, On and Below
29
dependent on where the wings are placed what are planes described as
High, mid or low wing
30
What are the major components of a wing (8) SWARFS (Metal chips) Plus FLIGHT STUDY
Flap Aileron Fuel Tank Skin Ribs Stringers Spar Wing Tip
31
What are the Major components of the Empennage (VHR) (ET)
Vertical Stabilizer Horizontal Stabilizer Rudder Trim Tabs Elevator
32
What does the Rudder do
Yaws the Plane
33
What doe the Elevator do
Pitches the nose
34
What does the Trim tab do
adjusts the neutral position of the Elevator
35
What is a substitute for a trim tab
Antiservo Tab
36
What supports the plane while parked, taxing, take off and landing
Landing Gear
37
What is the most common sort of Landing Gear
Wheels
38
What type of Landing Gears are there
Wheels, Floats, Ski's
39
If the 3rd Wheel is located at the back of a plane what is it called
Tail Wheel Gear
40
If the 3rd wheel is located on the nose what is it called
Nose wheel - a Tricycle Gear
41
What are the Major components of a Powerplant
Engine, Propeller, Cowling
42
What is the major function of the Engine
To provide the power to turn the Propeller
43
Other than turn the propeller what does the Engine provide
Electrical Power Vacuum Source flight instuments Heat for Pilot
44
What does the Cowling provide
Makes the Engine more Streamlined
45
What is a Propeller
A rotating Airfoil that produces thrust through Aerodynamic action
46
How does the Pressure work on a Propeller
Low pressure at the Back and High Pressure at the Front of the Blade
47
What major Composites are planes made from
Carbon Fiber or Fiberglass
48
What is the advantage and Disadvantages of Fiberglass
Strength, Impact resistant and Readily available but its Heavy
49
What is the advantages of Carbon Fiber over Fiberglass
its Stronger and Lighter but poor in impact resistance
50
What is a Boeing made of
Carbon Fiber (or Aliminium) (requires further study)
51
What is Carbon Fiber and Fiberglass
a Composite
52
What did Old Panels rely on
Analog Gauges
53
What do New Panels rely on
LCD Displays
54
Why is Atmospheric Pressure important for Pilots
Basic Factor of weather creates lift actuates instruments
55
What Instruments are affected by Atmospheric pressure
Altimeter, Airspeed indicator, Vertical Speed indicator, Pressure Gauge
56
What is the average Air Pressure at Sea level (Standard Pressure) in psi
14.7 psi
57
What is the average Air Pressure at Sea level (Standard Pressure) in Inches of Mercury
29.92 inches of Mercury
58
What is the average Air Pressure at Sea level (Standard Pressure) in Millibars
1013 Millibars
59
What is the standard Temperature in Farenheight
59 Degrees (oF)
60
What is the standard Temperature in Celcius
15 Degrees (oC)
61
What is the Standard Pressure Lapse Rate
Decrease of Pressure of 1 inch of Mercury per 1,000 feet up to 10,000 feet
62
What is the Standard Temperature Lapse Rate
2 (oC) per 1,000 feet up to 36,000 feet
63
What is Standard Atmosphere used for
to calibrate flight instruments
64
When the pressure changes to a non standard pressure, what must be done
correcting to read the Airport Elevation How
65
How do you calculate Pressure altitude
By Setting the altimeter to 29.92
66
What is Density Altitude
Pressure Altitude corrected for non-standard temperature
67
What Factors effect Altitude Density
Pressure, Temperature, Humidity
68
High Pressure = ____ Density
High Density
69
Low Pressure =\_\_\_\_ Density
Low Density
70
High Temperature = \_\_\_\_Density
Low Density
71
Cold temperature = ____ Density
High Density
72
High Humidity =\_\_\_\_\_Density
Low Density
73
Low Humidity =\_\_\_\_\_High Density
High Density
74
What is the Chord line
is a straight line joining the leading and trailing edges of an aerofoil
75
What is the Camber line
the curve that is halfway between the upper and lower surfaces of the aerofoil.
76
The greater the camber\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
The more curved the wing is
77
How is the Angle of Attack defined
the angle between the Chord line l and the relative airflow.
78
What are wingtip Vortices
rotating air left behind a wing as it generates lift
79
Describe how a wingtip Vortex work
High-pressure air from the bottom of the wing escapes around the wingtip, moving up towards the lower pressure area on the top of the wing
80
What are used to stop WIngtip Vorteces
Winglets
81
What do Winglets provide
act as a Dam preventing Vortices from forming
82
What is the consequence of wingtip Vortices
Induced Drag
83
What Scientific principle drives a Jet engine
Newtons 3rd Law
84
What does a high velocity force produce in relation to Newtons 3rd Law
Reaction force
85
What creates a High velocity Jet
By heating the incoming air to a high temperature
86
What is used in a Jet engine to heat up the air
Combustion Chamber
87
What is required for effective combustion
Air to be at High Pressure and Temperature
88
how is Combustion achieved
a set of compressors stages are used
89
What do the compressors do
Rotating blades increase energy, temperature and pressure
90
What does the Combustion Chamber do
the air is mixed with fuel and then ignited
91
What does the Turbine do
The gases produced in the combustion chamber move through the turbine and spin its blades to move the shaft connecting the compressor
92
WHat Temperature can be reached in the Jet Engine
2700°.

Aviation (12 decks)

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