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Aviation > Principles of Flight 2 > Flashcards

Principles of Flight 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 components of a Turbofan Engine provide the Thrust force

A

Air Intake, Compressor, Combustion Chamber, Turbine

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2
Q

What are the 3 movable parts of a wing

A

Flaps, Slats, Aileron

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3
Q

What parts of the wing are exteded downwards during take off

A

Flaps and Slats

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4
Q

Why are Flaps and Slats extended for Take off

A

Air is deflected more giving a greater lifting force

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5
Q

What 3 wing attachments help to Navigate the Plane

A

Aileron, Elevator and Rudder

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6
Q

What attachment to a Plane is used to Ascend and Descend a Plane

A

Elevator

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7
Q

What wing Attachments turn the Direction of a Plane

A

Rudder and Ailerons

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8
Q

What is a semi-automatic and typically computer-regulated system for controlling the flight of an aircraft

A

Fly-by-wire system

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9
Q

Where are Fuel Tanks typically stored on most planes

A

The Wings

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10
Q

Why are Flaps activated for Landing

A

Because the induce Drag

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11
Q

other that Flaps what other movable part of the wing can be activated to slow the plane down

A

Spoilers

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12
Q

What is the opposite to Thrust

A

Drag

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13
Q

What is the opposite to lift

A

weight (Gravity)

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14
Q

What is a good way to experience Drag

A

By extending your hand out of the widow of a moving car

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15
Q

What is another term for Drag

A

Air Resistance

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16
Q

What is needed to overcome Drag

A

Enough Thrust

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17
Q

What Aerodynamic Phenomenon induces Lift

A

Air Pressure

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18
Q

Who Was the Swiss Mathematician, that experimented with Water pipes that realized fluid pressure

A

Daniel Bernoulli

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19
Q

Where is air Deflected downwards

A

Back of the wing

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20
Q

What is the term used that is a number that aerodynamicists use to model all of the complex dependencies of shape, inclination, and some flow conditions on lift.

A

Coefficient of Lift

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21
Q

What is the term used to describe The pressure imbalance that produces lift that creates a problem at the wing tips. The higher-pressure air below a wing spills up over the wing tip into the area of lower-pressure air above. … are especially strong during takeoff and landing, when an airplane is flying slowly with its wings tilted upward.

A

Air Vorteices

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22
Q

Aircraft move around how many Axes

A

3

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23
Q

What are the 3 axes of a plane

A

Pitch, Roll, Yaw

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24
Q

Whar are the 5 major components of a plane

A

Fuselage Empanage Wing Powerplant Landing Gear

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25
Q

What is the Fuselage

A

the central body of an Airlplane

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26
Q

What are the 3 different types of Fuselage designs

A

Trus, Semi monoqoque, Monoqoque

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27
Q

What are the names given to a 1 wing and 2 wing plane

A

Monoplane and Bi-plane

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28
Q

Where can the Wings be placed on a Fuselage

A

Above, On and Below

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29
Q

dependent on where the wings are placed what are planes described as

A

High, mid or low wing

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30
Q

What are the major components of a wing (8) SWARFS (Metal chips) Plus FLIGHT STUDY

A

Flap Aileron Fuel Tank Skin Ribs Stringers Spar Wing Tip

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31
Q

What are the Major components of the Empennage (VHR) (ET)

A

Vertical Stabilizer Horizontal Stabilizer Rudder Trim Tabs Elevator

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32
Q

What does the Rudder do

A

Yaws the Plane

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33
Q

What doe the Elevator do

A

Pitches the nose

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34
Q

What does the Trim tab do

A

adjusts the neutral position of the Elevator

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35
Q

What is a substitute for a trim tab

A

Antiservo Tab

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36
Q

What supports the plane while parked, taxing, take off and landing

A

Landing Gear

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37
Q

What is the most common sort of Landing Gear

A

Wheels

38
Q

What type of Landing Gears are there

A

Wheels, Floats, Ski’s

39
Q

If the 3rd Wheel is located at the back of a plane what is it called

A

Tail Wheel Gear

40
Q

If the 3rd wheel is located on the nose what is it called

A

Nose wheel - a Tricycle Gear

41
Q

What are the Major components of a Powerplant

A

Engine, Propeller, Cowling

42
Q

What is the major function of the Engine

A

To provide the power to turn the Propeller

43
Q

Other than turn the propeller what does the Engine provide

A

Electrical Power

Vacuum Source flight instuments

Heat for Pilot

44
Q

What does the Cowling provide

A

Makes the Engine more Streamlined

45
Q

What is a Propeller

A

A rotating Airfoil that produces thrust through Aerodynamic action

46
Q

How does the Pressure work on a Propeller

A

Low pressure at the Back and High Pressure at the Front of the Blade

47
Q

What major Composites are planes made from

A

Carbon Fiber or Fiberglass

48
Q

What is the advantage and Disadvantages of Fiberglass

A

Strength, Impact resistant and Readily available but its Heavy

49
Q

What is the advantages of Carbon Fiber over Fiberglass

A

its Stronger and Lighter but poor in impact resistance

50
Q

What is a Boeing made of

A

Carbon Fiber (or Aliminium) (requires further study)

51
Q

What is Carbon Fiber and Fiberglass

A

a Composite

52
Q

What did Old Panels rely on

A

Analog Gauges

53
Q

What do New Panels rely on

A

LCD Displays

54
Q

Why is Atmospheric Pressure important for Pilots

A

Basic Factor of weather

creates lift

actuates instruments

55
Q

What Instruments are affected by Atmospheric pressure

A

Altimeter, Airspeed indicator, Vertical Speed indicator, Pressure Gauge

56
Q

What is the average Air Pressure at Sea level (Standard Pressure) in psi

A

14.7 psi

57
Q

What is the average Air Pressure at Sea level (Standard Pressure) in Inches of Mercury

A

29.92 inches of Mercury

58
Q

What is the average Air Pressure at Sea level (Standard Pressure) in Millibars

A

1013 Millibars

59
Q

What is the standard Temperature in Farenheight

A

59 Degrees (oF)

60
Q

What is the standard Temperature in Celcius

A

15 Degrees (oC)

61
Q

What is the Standard Pressure Lapse Rate

A

Decrease of Pressure of 1 inch of Mercury per 1,000 feet up to 10,000 feet

62
Q

What is the Standard Temperature Lapse Rate

A

2 (oC) per 1,000 feet up to 36,000 feet

63
Q

What is Standard Atmosphere used for

A

to calibrate flight instruments

64
Q

When the pressure changes to a non standard pressure, what must be done

A

correcting to read the Airport Elevation How

65
Q

How do you calculate Pressure altitude

A

By Setting the altimeter to 29.92

66
Q

What is Density Altitude

A

Pressure Altitude corrected for non-standard temperature

67
Q

What Factors effect Altitude Density

A

Pressure, Temperature, Humidity

68
Q

High Pressure = ____ Density

A

High Density

69
Q

Low Pressure =____ Density

A

Low Density

70
Q

High Temperature = ____Density

A

Low Density

71
Q

Cold temperature = ____ Density

A

High Density

72
Q

High Humidity =_____Density

A

Low Density

73
Q

Low Humidity =_____High Density

A

High Density

74
Q

What is the Chord line

A

is a straight line joining the leading and trailing edges of an aerofoil

75
Q

What is the Camber line

A

the curve that is halfway between the upper and lower surfaces of the aerofoil.

76
Q

The greater the camber____________

A

The more curved the wing is

77
Q

How is the Angle of Attack defined

A

the angle between the Chord line l and the relative airflow.

78
Q

What are wingtip Vortices

A

rotating air left behind a wing as it generates lift

79
Q

Describe how a wingtip Vortex work

A

High-pressure air from the bottom of the wing escapes around the wingtip, moving up towards the lower pressure area on the top of the wing

80
Q

What are used to stop WIngtip Vorteces

A

Winglets

81
Q

What do Winglets provide

A

act as a Dam preventing Vortices from forming

82
Q

What is the consequence of wingtip Vortices

A

Induced Drag

83
Q

What Scientific principle drives a Jet engine

A

Newtons 3rd Law

84
Q

What does a high velocity force produce in relation to Newtons 3rd Law

A

Reaction force

85
Q

What creates a High velocity Jet

A

By heating the incoming air to a high temperature

86
Q

What is used in a Jet engine to heat up the air

A

Combustion Chamber

87
Q

What is required for effective combustion

A

Air to be at High Pressure and Temperature

88
Q

how is Combustion achieved

A

a set of compressors stages are used

89
Q

What do the compressors do

A

Rotating blades increase energy, temperature and pressure

90
Q

What does the Combustion Chamber do

A

the air is mixed with fuel and then ignited

91
Q

What does the Turbine do

A

The gases produced in the combustion chamber move through the turbine and spin its blades to move the shaft connecting the compressor

92
Q

WHat Temperature can be reached in the Jet Engine

A

2700°.

Aviation (12 decks)

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