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Quantitative Chemistry > Principles Of Chem Review > Flashcards

Principles Of Chem Review Flashcards

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0
Q

What are the common poly atomic ions that are singly charged anions?

A
  1. Acetate (CH3CO2-)
  2. Cyanide (CN-)
  3. Hypochlorite (ClO-)
  4. Chlorite (ClO2-)
  5. Chlorate (ClO3-)
  6. Perchlorate (ClO4-)
  7. Dihydrogen phosphate (h2PO4-)
  8. Hydrogen carbonate (HCO3-)
  9. Hydrogen sulfate (HSO4-)
  10. Hydroxide (OH-)
  11. Permanganate (MnO4-)
  12. Nitrite (NO2-)
  13. Nitrate (NO3-)
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1
Q

What is the poly atomic ion that is a cation?

A

NH4+

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2
Q

What are the poly atomic ions that are doubly charged anions?

A
  1. Carbonate (CO3 2-)
  2. Chromate ( CrO3 2-)
  3. Dichromate (Cr2O7 2-)
  4. Peroxide (O2 2-)
  5. Hydrogen phosphate ( HPO4 2-)
  6. Sulfite ( SO3 2-)
  7. Sulfate (SO4 2-)
  8. Thiosulfate ( S2O3 2-)
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3
Q

What is the common poly atomic ion that is a triply charged anion?

A

Phosphate ( PO4 3-)

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4
Q

What are the 10 common strong electrolytes?

A

Hcl, hbr, hi, hclo4, hno3, h2so4, kbr, nacl, naoh, koh

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5
Q

What are some common weak electrolytes?

A

Ch3co2h and hf

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6
Q

What are some common nonelectrolytes?

A

H20, ch3oh, c2h5oh, c12h22o11

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7
Q

What is the rule for cations for solubility for ionic compounds in water?

A

It is probably soluble if it contains…

  1. Li+
  2. Na+
  3. K+
  4. Rb+
  5. Cs+
  6. NH4+
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8
Q

A compound is probably soluble if it contains one of the following anions?

A 
Halides: cl-, br-, I-
Nitrate: no3-
Perchlorate clo4-
Acetate ch3co2-
Sulfate so4 2-
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9
Q

What are the anions that don’t work in the specific groups?

A

Ag+ hg2+ pb2+ ba2+ hg2 2+ pb2+

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10
Q

Name some common strong acids

A 
Hclo4- perchloric acid
H2so4 - sulfuric acid 
Hbr - hydrobromic acid
Hcl- hydrochloric acid
Hno3- nitric acid
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11
Q

What are some common weak acids

A

H3po4- phosphoric acid
Hf- hydrofluoric acid
Ch3co2h- acetic acid

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12
Q

What are some common strong bases

A

Naoh sodium hydroxide
Koh potassium hydroxide
Ba(oh)2 barium hydroxide
Ca(oh)2 calcium hydroxide

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13
Q

What are some common weak bases?

A

Nh3 ammonia

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14
Q

Common oxoacids

A 
Hno2 nitrous acid
Hno3 nitric acid
H3po4 phosphoric acid
H2so3 sulfurous acid
H2so4 sulfuric acid
Hclo hypochlorous acid
Hclo2 chlorous acid
Hclo3 chloric acid
Hclo4 perchloric acid
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15
Q

Common oxoanions

A 
No2- nitrite ion
No3- nitrate ion
Po4 3- phosphate ion
So3 2- sulfite ion
So4 2- sulfate ion
ClO- hypochlorite ion
Clo2- chlorite ion
Clo3- Chlorate ion
Clo4- perchlorate ion
16
Q

Molarity

A

Mol solute / L solution

17
Q

Mole fraction

A

Mole a/ mole a+ mole b

Unit less

18
Q

Mass %

A

G solvent/ g of solution (100)

19
Q

Molality

A

Mole solute/ kg solvent

20
Q

Volume percentage

A

Parts by volume of solute per 100 parts by volume of solution

21
Q

Parts per million

A

Ppm - parts by mass of solute per million parts by mass of solution

22
Q

Parts per billion

A

Ppb- parts by mass of solute per billion parts by mass of solution

23
Q

Normality

A

N - number of equivalents of solute per liter of solution

24
Q

Rate of solution-= rate of dissolution depends on 3 things…

A
  1. Nature of the solute and solvent- strength of the imf
  2. Temperature - higher temperatures increase the rate with which solute molecules diffuse through the solvent
  3. Surface area- the greater the surface area, the higher the rate of dissolution
25
Q

Saturated solution

A

At equilibrium rate of solution= rate of crystallization

A solution containing the maximum possible amount of dissolved solute at equilibrium

26
Q

Supersaturated solution

A

A solution containing a great than equilibrium amount of solute

27
Q

Henry’s law

A

For solutions of gases in liquids, the solubility of a gas is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the solution

Solubility = kP

Quantitative Chemistry (2 decks)

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