Principles of anaesthesia

Question 1

How can we administer analgesia?

Answer 1

Topical 
Infiltrative
Conductive
Epidural 
Subarachnoid

Question 2

What is the train of anaesthesia?

Answer 2

Hypnosis (sleep)
Anti-noiception
Muscle relaxation

Question 3

How can we bring about muscle relaxation?

Answer 3

• From the same agent producing hypnosis or
• From a centrally acting muscle relaxant - diazepam or
• From a specific neuromuscular junction blocking agent – curare

Question 4

Define Tranquilisation

Answer 4

relief of anxiety

Question 5

Define Sedation

Answer 5

central depression, drowsiness

Question 6

Define Narcosis

Answer 6

drug induced sleep produced by narcotics - opium like drugs

Question 7

Define Dissociative anaesthesia

Answer 7

induced by drugs such as ketamine that dissociate the thalamo-cortical and limbic systems where they look more awake than they should

Question 8

Why are combinations of agents used?

Answer 8

One agent can be used to produce induction and all 3 desired effects of the triad (unable to perceive painful stimuli, relaxed muscles, unconsciousness)
– Eg isoflurane, sevoflurane

But usually injectable agents are used in combination so that the animal doesn’t crash