Principles

Question 1

Principal inhibitory neurotransmitter of the spinal cord

Answer 1

Glycine

-Increased glycine influx creates increased inhibitory effect

Question 2

Artesunate is used for which disease

Answer 2

Malaria - artesunate is effective against blood schizonts and gametocytes

Question 3

Mechanism of cyanide toxicity

Answer 3

Inhibits the mitochondrial enzyme cytochrome c oxidase

Question 4

Main side effect of doxazosin?

Answer 4

Can cause postural hypotension - causes vasodilation so all of the blood pools in the legs. When someone stands up, this can cause dizziness and even syncope

Question 5

Acts as a cofactor for enzymes in collagen synthesis

Answer 5

Vitamin C

Question 6

Deficiency in this vitamin leads to night blindness

Answer 6

Vitamin A

Question 7

Function of the p53 gene

Answer 7

Encodes proteins which regulate the cell cycle

Question 8

HLA-B27

Answer 8

Ankylosing spondylitis

Question 9

HLA-DR3

Answer 9

Dermatitis herpetiformis

Question 10

HLA-DR4

Answer 10

Rheumatoid arthritis

Type 1 diabetes

Question 11

NSAIDs and healing

Answer 11

NSAIDs such as diclofenac can impair healing

Question 12

Where is iron best absorbed from?

Answer 12

The duodenum

Question 13

Which thyroid cells produce calcitonin?

Answer 13

Parafollicular cells

Question 14

What does calcitonin do?

Answer 14

Normally released in response to hypercalcemia - causes a reduction in calcium and phosphate levels by inhibiting osteoclasts
-Also promotes the renal excretion of metabolites such as sodium and potassium