Principle of Conservation of Energy Flashcards

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1
Q

what does the principle of conservation of energy state

A
  • energy cannot be created or destroyed

- but only be transferred from one form to another

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2
Q

what are the main energy transfers that occur in a thermal power station when generating electricity

A
  • the chemical energy in the fuel is converted into the internal energy stores of the compressed steam
  • which is then converted into electrical energy
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3
Q

what illustrations are mainly used to represent energy transfers

A

sankey diagrams

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4
Q

what does the width of the input of the arrow represent

A

the total energy of the system

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5
Q

how would the energy transfers occurring be represented on a sankey diagram

A

with outgoing arrows pointing downwards and straight ahead from the body of the input energy

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6
Q

how are the amounts of energy in each conversion represented

A
  • by the width of the arrows

- the thicker the arrow is the more energy that is going down that route

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7
Q

what is the important thing about sankey diagrams which proves the conservation of energy

A
  • the sum of the widths of outputs (outgoing arrows) equals the width of the input
  • this shows that the input energy is equal to the output energy
  • so energy has been conserved
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8
Q

what two types of output arrows would you have

A
  • you would have the arrows drooping downwards
  • representing wasted or not useful energy
  • whereas you would have an arrow pointing forwards
  • indicating the useful energy
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9
Q

what is the ability to transfer the input energy to desired energy called

A

the efficiency of the system

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10
Q

how do calculate efficiency

A

efficiency = (useful energy / total energy) x 100

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