prime factors Rad Science

Question 1

factors affecting x-ray emission under direct control of the radiographer are the prime factors

Answer 1

mAs
kV
distance

Question 2

measure of number of photons in the beam

Answer 2

quantity

Question 3

quantity is also known as

Answer 3

output
intensity
exposure
density

Question 4

units of measurements
Trad=
R=Ionization in air  =
RAD= absorbed dose  =
REM= occupational dose   =
Curie= radioactive decay  =

Answer 4

SI
coulmbs/kg
Gy
SV
BQ

Question 5

factors that directly affect quantity

Answer 5

mAs
kV
distance (SID)
filtration

Question 6

thickness of material needed to attenuate 50% of primary beam

Answer 6

1/2 value layer

Question 7

measurement of the penetrating ability of the beam (describes the distance an x-ray beam travels in matter)

Answer 7

quality

Question 8

quality is numerically represented by the

Answer 8

1/2 value layer

Question 9

factors that directly affect x-ray quality are

Answer 9

kV & filtration

filtration= 1/2 value layer & beam hardening

Question 10

measurement of x-ray tube current (the # of electrons crossing form cathode to anode per sec.)

Answer 10

mAs

Question 11

_ is directly proportional to tube current

Answer 11

mA

Question 12

the # of x-rays created at the target is a product of the electrons crossing the tube and how long the electrons are allowed to cross is what law

Answer 12

(mA x s) reciprocity law

Question 13

mAs is the primary controller of

Answer 13

film density

Question 14

increasing _ will caude an increase in the speed and energy of the electrons applied across the tube

Answer 14

kV

Question 15

what affects the quantity because more interactions occur at the target when kV increases

Answer 15

kV

Question 16

kV affects the _ of the beam because each electron has more energy (greater penetrability)

Answer 16

quality

Question 17

increasing kV by _ will cause a boubling in exposure the same effect as doubling your mAs kV adjustments should not be used to control density

Answer 17

15%

Question 18

kV determines the _ of the x-ray beam

Answer 18

penetrating ability

Question 19

as kV is increased the wavelength _ and x-rays become more penetrating

Answer 19

decreases

Question 20

as kV is decreased, the wavelength _ and x-rays become less penetrating

Answer 20

increases

Question 21

penetrating ability of the x-rays also determines the numbers of x-rays _the pt. and striking the film

Answer 21

exiting

Question 22

x-ray photons in the primary beam will spread out from their source and become _ concentrated, as a result x-ray intensity will _ as the distance from the tube is _

Answer 22

less
decreases
increased

Question 23

the relationship between distance and x-ray quantity is described in the

Answer 23

inverse square law

Question 24

as distance increases, intensity _, exposure to the IR _

Answer 24

decreases

decreases

Question 25

formula used to compensate for film density changes when distance is changed

Answer 25

exposure maintenance formula (direct square law)
I1 (D2)2 Inverse square law
– = ——
I2 (D1)2

exposure maint. law
mAs1 (D1)2
——- = ——-
mAs2 (D2)2

Question 26

the further to the right, the higher energy, the higher the curve, the higher the

Answer 26

quantity

Question 27

increase mAs, _ quantity

Answer 27

increase

Question 28

increase kV, _ quality, _quantity

Answer 28

increase

increase

Question 29

increase added filtration, _ quantity, _quality

Answer 29

decrease

increase

Question 30

increase target z, _ quantity, _quality

Answer 30

increase

increase

Question 31

increase voltage ripple, _ quantity, _quality

Answer 31

decrease

decrease