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Intro to Human Evolution > Primate Origins and Evolution > Flashcards

Primate Origins and Evolution Flashcards

1
Q

Where it Began

A

USA

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2
Q

When it Began

A

Paleocene (65-55 may)

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3
Q

What to look for

A

Anterior Facing Eyes (increased reliance on vision)
Post Orbital Bar
Short Snout (Decreased reliance on olfacton)
Grasping Hands and Feet
Big Brains
Auditory Bulla (Decreased reliance on hearing)

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4
Q

Purgatorius (Plesiadapiforms)

A 
Possible primate ancestor
N. America, Europe & Asia
Extinct by Eocene
75 diff species 
45 mya
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5
Q

Earliest Common Ancestor

A

Purgatorius Plesiadapiform

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6
Q

Plesiadapiform Features

A 
Claws
3.1.3.3 (rodent like
grasping ability
small brain 
no post orbital bar
insectivorous
questionable bulla
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7
Q

Euprimates

A

Eocene(55-38 mya)
Warming Climate
Two main groups (Omomyidae, Adapidae)

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8
Q

Euprimate Primate Features

A 
Larger Brains
Nails not claws
Opposable 1st toe
Post Orbital bar
Greater Reliance on vision
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9
Q

Omomyids

A 
Small
Insectivorous
Short snout
Tarsier-like
Nocturnal
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10
Q

Adapids

A 
Larger
Frugivorous/Folivorous
Long snout
Lemur-like
Diurnal
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11
Q

First True Primates

A

Adapids &Omomyids

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12
Q

Why did Primates take over

A

Arboreal Theory, Visual Predation, Angiosperm Radiation

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13
Q

The Planet of the Monkeys

A

Oligocene 38-22mya
Climate Cools
Geographic Shift
Antropoids (Old World Monkeys & Apes, New World Monkeys)

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14
Q

What is an Anthropoid

A 
Post-orbital closure
Fused mandibular symphysis
Large Dimorphic Canines
Fused Metopic Suture
Spatulate Incisors
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15
Q

Early Anthropoids

A

Africa (Fayum, Egypt)
Primitive dental formula (2.1.3.3)
-Catarrhini- 2.1.2.3
-Platyrrhini-2.1.3.3

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16
Q

Proto-Platyrrhines

A

Rafting to the New World

17
Q

Miocene: Planet of the Apes

A

22-5mya
Mostly Europe, Some Africa
Cooler climate
Ape Diversification

18
Q

What makes an Ape?

A 
Y-5 molar pattern
No tail
Dorsally placed Scapula
Broad rib cage
Short lumbar region

Intro to Human Evolution (4 decks)

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