primate diversity/classification

Question 1

strepsirrihines

Answer 1

• wet nosed
• no post orbital closer
• grooming claw
• tooth comb
• slightly smaller brain
• mainly solitary
• many nocturnal ( reflective tapetum)

Question 2

haplorrhines

Answer 2

• dry nosed
• more reliance on vision, less olfaction
• no reflective tapetum
• full post orbital closure
• larger brains

Question 3

new world monkeys (platyrrhini)

Answer 3

• live in central/south america
• largely arboreal
• some have prehensile tails

Question 4

old world monkeys/apes (catarrhines)

Answer 4

• live in Africa/Asia
• some arboreal, some terrestrial
• monkeys have tails, but not prehensile

Question 5

colobine

Answer 5

• adaptions for folivores
• toxic seed consumption
• includes colobus, langurs, odd-nosed monkeys

Question 6

cercopithecinae

Answer 6

• adaptions for frugivore/omnivore diets
• baboons, macaque, gelada, mandril, mangaby, geunons

Question 7

lorisiformes

Answer 7

• lorisis, pottos, galagos
• africa/asia
• small, arboreal, nocturnal, mainly solitary
• slow adaptions (lorisis, pottos)
• fast adaptions (galagos)

Question 8

lemuriformes

Answer 8

• largest group of strespsirrhines
• only found in madegascar
• diurnal/nocturnal
• female dominated
• large groups (5 or more)

Question 9

simiformes

Answer 9

• anthropoids
• all monkeys/apes
• larger brains
• reduced olfaction
• post-orbital closure
• longer gestation
• increased parental care

Question 10

tarisiformes

Answer 10

• southeast asia
• insectivores
• vertical cling/leap
• solitary
• grooming claw
• large eyes
• 180° head rotation
  auditory reliance

Question 11

chimps

Answer 11

• mm/mf fission/fusion
• male bonds
• dominance hierarchy
• females less social
• sexual swellings = ovulation

Question 12

bonobos

Answer 12

• mm/mf fission/fusion
• female bonds
• mother/son bonds
• frequent social sexual behavior
• swellings ≠ ovulation