Primary Processing of Hard and Soft Wood Part B Flashcards
what two things is the hardwood lumber grader looking at when a board is evaluated?
a) size of the board in width and length
b) rectangular areas on the board that are knot and defect-free (cuttings)
does a grader actually cut up a board into defect-free areas?
when a grader looks at a board he divides it up into imaginary rectangular areas called cuttings that are defect-free. no actual cutting is done.
what is the best grade of hardwood lumber and what types of projects is it used for?
the best grade of hardwood lumber is FAS (firsts and seconds). use this grade when long clear lengths are needed for projects, such as large boardroom tables and long clear lengths of moundling.
what is a cutting
a cutting is an area on a board that has no knots or defects. it must be rectangular. a grader divides a board into imaginary rectangles that are defect-free
what does 5/4 mean in relation to hardwood lumber
5/4 refers to the thickness of the lumber in the case 1 1/4” or five-quarters of an inch
what lengths is hardwood lumber commonly available in?
the lumber is commonly cut to lengths from 7’ to 16’
this is a popular sub-grade of FAS. what is it call and how is it different?
FAS-One-Face (FIF) it is graded from the better side of the board like select but in the long clear lenghts of FAS. use this grade when long lengths are needed but only one side of the lumber will be visible.
how does FAS grade differ from select grade?
select grade contains the same minimum size of clear cuttings however the minimum board size is larger for FAS grade. select grade is graded from the better side while FAS and all other grades are graded from the poorer side of the board.
select is often sold as a grade mix, with some boards being a better grade. what is this grade mix called?
the grade mix is called select and better.
what defect-free yeild can be expected from No. 1 common grade? when would you use this grade?
the defect-free yield can be expected to be 66%. use this grade when projects require medium to shorter lengths and narrower pieces.
is No. 3 common used very often in cabinetmaking?
no; No.3 common is most often used for making pallets.
what grade is graded from the better side of a board?
select grade is graded from the better side of the board. FIF is also graded from the better side of the board but it is not a standard grade.
because it has fewer knots and there is a little waste should FAS be ordered for all jobs?
no; it would add to the costs of projects where a lower grade would do the job.
how is hardwood lumber sold in widths?
it is commonly sold in random widths. it can be further processed if specified or sorted to minimum dimension.
what does S2S mean?
S2S is an abbreviation for surfaced-two-sides.
hardwood lumber is typically rough or unsurfaced unless further processing is specified. S2S lumber is skip-sanded on the two surfaces.
if both cherry and mahogany are a pink to reddish in colour how can you tell them apart?
cherry has a smooth texture because its vessel cells are small.
mahogany has a coarse texture its vessel cells are larger and can be seen on the end grain without magnification.
