Primary Hyperaldosteronism Flashcards
1
Q
Define primary hyperaldosteronism
A
Autonomous excess aldosterone production from the adrenals and subsequent suppression
of the renin-angiotensin system
2
Q
What are the causes/risk factors of primary hyperaldosteronism?
A
- Conn’s syndrome – adrenal adenoma
- Adrenal cortex hyperplasia
- Adrenal carcinoma
3
Q
What are the symptoms of primary hyperaldosteronism?
A
- Asymptomatic
- Lethargy
- Mood disturbance (irritability, anxiety, depression)
Symptoms of hypokalaemia • Muscle weakness • Polyuria/nocturia/polydipsia (nephrogenic DI) • Paraesthesia • Tetany
4
Q
What are the signs of primary hyperaldosteronism?
A
excess aldosterone -> sodium & water retention and potassium excretion -> HTN
5
Q
What investigations are carried out for primary hyperaldosteronism?
A
- Serum electrolytes – low or normal K+, normal Na+
- Urine – high K+
- Aldosterone:plasma renin activity ratio – high
- CT/MRI adrenals
6
Q
What is the management for primary hyperaldosteronism?
A
- Spironolactone
- Potassium-sparing diuretic e.g. amiloride
- Adrenalectomy
7
Q
What are the complications of primary hyperaldosteronism?
A
complications of hypertension
