PRIMARY HYPER-ALDOSTERONISM Flashcards
What is Primary Hyper-Aldosteronism?
over production of aldosterone which leads to hormonal disorder, leading high blood pressure
What causes primary hyper-aldosteronism?
Benign growth in adrenal glands
Over activity of both adrenal glands (by the hypothalamus CRH > pituitary ACTH > adrenal gland)
Cancerous growth on outer layer adrenal gland
Inhibited condition causing high BP
What are the symptoms of Primary Hyper-Aldosteronism?
Nocturia and polyuria
Headache
Lethargy
Mood disturbance
Constipation
Weakness
What is the Physical Signs of Primary Hyper-Aldosteronism?
Hypertension
Muscle Cramps
Visual Impairment
Impaired Consciousness
Facial Flushing
Heart Rhythm changes
What are the two risk factors of Primary Hyper-Aldosteronism?
FH of PA
FH of early onset (<40yo) Hypertension or Strokes
What would be the result of the plasma potassium test in Primary Hyper-Aldosteronism?
Normal or Low (hyperkalemia)
Aldosterone controls the balance of sodium and potassium - when too much aldosterone, it increases release of potassium and retention of sodium
What is the result of Aldosterone-are in Ratio in Primary Hyper-Aldosteronism?
low renin and high aldosterone
The hypertension of caused by hyper aldosterone suppressed production of serum renin
What is the first line treatment of Primary Hyper-Aldosteronism?
Amiloride or Spironolactone
These inhibit sodium reabsorption to promote loss of sodium and water
What are the side effects of Primary Hyper-Aldosteronism?
Gyanecomastia
Menstrual Irregularities
What lifestyle changes can be made to treat Primary hyper-aldosteronism?
Healthy diet
Maintain healthy weight
Exercise
Stop smoking
What are the complications of Primary Hyper-Aldosteronism?
High BP > heart attack, stroke, kidney failure and disease
Hypokalaemia > weakness, irregular heart rhythm, muscle cramps, polydipsia and polyuria
