Primary assessment of colic, Triage and first aid Flashcards
What are the clinical signs of colic in horses?
Horses with colic may show signs such as abdominal pain (pawing, rolling, biting at the abdomen), restlessness or depression, increased or decreased gut sounds, sweating, tachycardia, a distended abdomen, and changes in respiratory rate or posture.
What are common causes of colic in horses?
Common causes include gastric distention, intestinal obstructions, twisted gut (volvulus), enteritis or colitis, ileal impaction, and gas colic.
What is the first step in the systematic approach to clinical examination of a horse with colic?
The first step is to gather the history, including the duration of symptoms, diet and feeding changes, and medical history.
What vital signs should be assessed in a horse with colic?
Vital signs include heart rate (normal 36-40 bpm), respiratory rate (normal 8-16 breaths per minute), temperature (normal 37.5–38.5°C), and capillary refill time (CRT).
When should rectal palpation be performed in a horse with colic?
Rectal palpation is essential when suspecting a serious abdominal problem, such as intestinal blockage or twisted gut.
What are potential complications of rectal examination?
Complications include rectal tears, fractured pelvis, and inadvertent injury to organs.
What is a critical indicator for urgent triage in colic cases?
Severe pain that cannot be managed is a critical indicator for urgent triage.
What clinical signs indicate a critical case of colic?
Indicators include severe abdominal pain, progressive abdominal distension, signs of shock, absence of normal bowel sounds, positive nasogastric reflux, and rectal examination findings.
What key information should be gathered before referring a horse with critical colic?
Key information includes history of the colic event, clinical signs, diagnostic findings, treatment given, horse’s signalment, and emergency contact information.
What is the first step in first aid treatment for a critical case of colic?
The first step is stabilization and pain management, including administering analgesia and intravenous fluid therapy.
What should be included in transport documentation for a horse with colic?
Transport documentation should include all diagnostic findings, medical history, treatments administered, and vital signs.
