Primary Assessment

Question 1

What does HEMPEG stand for?

Answer 1

Hazards
Environment
MOI
Patients/PPE
Equipment
General Impression

Question 2

What are CC and LOR if the patient is unresponsive?

Answer 2

C/C = Unresponsive
LOR = Unresponsive

Question 3

What is the order of steps in the primary assessment?

Answer 3

CLSAPRTP
Chief complaint
Level of responsiveness
Spinal motion reduction
Airway, breathing and circulation
Pulse oximetry
Rapid body survey
Transport decision
Patient positioning

Question 4

What are signs of dyspnea?

Answer 4

Inadequate rise and fall of the chest during respiration
Increased effort during inhalation
Very fast or very slow respiration rate

Question 5

What are agonal respirations?

Answer 5

An inadequate pattern of breathing sometimes associated with cardiac arrest
Snorting, gurgling, gasping sounds - laboured breathing
Agonal respirations are irregular and sporadic and do not supply sufficient oxygen

Question 6

Where should you check the pulse on a responsive individual? How about unresponsive?

Answer 6

Responsive should be done on the radial pulse as the carotid pulse can be uncomfortable for the patient
Unresponsive should be done on the carotid to check for blood flow to the brain - if they are awake you know they have circulation to the brain

Question 7

What should you do if pulse is not present?

Answer 7

Immediately begin CPR/AED

Question 8

How long should you check ABCs for?

Answer 8

Minimum of 10 seconds

Question 9

What %SpO2 is insufficient to support life?

Answer 9

80% or under

Question 10

What are the steps/checks of the Rapid Body Survey?

Answer 10

Skin check (warm, pink, dry)
Blood/fluids from eyes, nose, ears, mouth
Bruising around eyes or behind ears
Palpating for cranial fracture
Palpate C spine for pain/crepitus/deformities
Paradoxical breathing
Injuries to body causing respiratory distress
Expose abdomen for penetrations/signs of internal bleeding
Pelvis gap/compress
Femoral shear
PMS and wet check of all limbs
Check pulse ox (will already be on from earlier in primary)
Re-assess ABC

Question 11

What situations warrant a 911 call?

Answer 11

Multi system/severe trauma
Hemorrhaging
Chest pain
Decreased LOR/unresponsiveness
Extensive burns
Unstable pelvis (from gap/compress)
Amputation
Severe hypothermia
Decompression sickness
Instability/absence of ABCs
Neurological deficit
Ongoing/non-regular seizure
Smoke inhalation
Abdominal distension and tenderness
Femur fracture
Electrocution