Primary and Secondary HTN Flashcards
Reducing sodium in the diet by 50% is the equivalent of what other intervention?
Tobacco cessation
What is the cut off for “controlled” HTN?
<140/90
Why is HTN a risk factor for other cardiovascular disease?
Accelerates atherosclerosis
Patients with HTN often have other cardiovascular risk factors such as:
- obesity
- Type 2 diabetes
- hypercholesterolemia
How much of a reduction in systolic BP is associated with reduced risk of MI and stroke in people under 60? Diastolic?
Systolic: 10-15 mm Hg
Diastolic: 5-6 mm Hg
How many visits with BP of >/=160 systolic or >/=100 diastolic are required to diagnose HTN?
3 visits at least a week apart
How many visits with a BP 140-160 mm Hg systolic and/or 90-100 mm Hg diastolic are required to diagnose HTN?
5
What is the BP cut off for diagnosing HTN via ambulatory measurements?
> /=135 SBP and/or >/=85 DBP
What are the target BP values for treatment in HTN patients with pre-existing diabetes chronic renal failure/disease?
<130/80 mm Hg
How high does the BP have to be to be able to diagnose HTN on the second office visit even in the absence of target organ failure, diabetes or chronic renal failure/disease?
> /=180 SBP and/or >/= 110 DBP
Which neural pathway regulates BP?
Sympathetic Nervous System
What makes up the humoral pathway of BP regulation?
RAAS
What is the MOA of angiotensin II?
Causes release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex and directly causes vasoconstriction.
About what percentage of HTN is laballed primary HTN?
90-95%
What is the definition of primary HTN?
Diagnosed HTN without an obvious cause.