Price determination in a competitve market Flashcards
What does the law of demand state?
As the price of a good rises, the quantity demanded falls
Name the determinants of demand
Income Substitutes Technology Compliments Weather Advertising
Tip - I Sell Tacky Condoms With AIDS
Name the determinants of supply
Production costs
Taxes
Technology
Subsidies
Tip - Peter Tickles Toms Sausage
Price Elasticity of Demand (PED) equation
Percentage change in QD
over
Percentage change in Price
Income Elasticity of Demand (YED) equation
Percentage Change in QD
over
Percentage Change in Income
Cross Elasticity of Demand (XED) equation
Percentage Change in the QD of good X
over
Percentage Change in the Price of good Y
Price Elasticity of Supply (PES) equation
Percentage Change in QS
over
Percentage Change in Price
What do the values of PED and PES show?
1 - -1 = Inelastic (usually negative if PED, positive if PES)
More than 1 = Elastic
Tip - A wider range is more ELASTIC
What do the values of YED show?
Negative = Inferior good
Small value = Normal good
Higher than 1 = Superior good
What do the values of XED show?
\+ = Substitute - = Complement
What are the main influences on PED?
Degree of necessity
Habit-forming goods
Substitutes
Time
If the demand of a good is elastic, what happens to total revenue?
Price increase = Decreased TR
Price decrease = Increased TR
If the demand of a good is inelastic, what happens to the total revenue?
Price Increase = Increased TR
Price Decrease = Decreased TR
What are the main influences on PES?
Time
Spare Capacity
Ease of switching products
What is joint demand?
When the increased demand of one produce leads to increased demand for its complement