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Integ Exam Questions > Previous Exam Questions > Flashcards

Previous Exam Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Where do blisters occur?

A

Between epidermis and dermis

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2
Q

Where does a callus form?

A

Epidermis

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3
Q

Which type of cells secrete histamine in response to inflammation?

A

Mast cells

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4
Q

What are the functions of the dermis? (5)

A
  1. Support and nourish epidermis
  2. House epidermal appendages
  3. Assist with infection control
  4. Assist with thermoregulation
  5. Provide sensation
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5
Q

What part of the body does not have hair follicles?

A

Lips, palms of hands, and soles of feet

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6
Q

What are the functions of the epidermis? (7)

A
  1. Barrier
  2. Regulate fluid
  3. Light touch sensation
  4. Thermoregulation
  5. Excretion assist
  6. Endogenous Vit D production
  7. Cosmesis/appearance
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7
Q

What are the two most common skin problems in nursing homes?

A

Xerosis and pruritus (dry and itchy)

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8
Q

What cells help with fibroblast migration across the matrix?

A

Integrins

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9
Q

Which of the following is not a primary lesion?

a. Vesicle
b. Nodule
c. Scales
d. Wheals

A

C. Scales

- they are secondary, below the plane of the skin

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10
Q

Dressing was on for 12 days and you notice that there is a distinct odor, what is the best course of action?

a. Culture the wound immediately
b. Odor is normal at this point, proceed as normal
c. There is clearly an infection, call the doctor immediately

A

b. Odor is normal at this point
- can’t culture IMMEDIATELY because you didn’t clean the wound first
- not enough info to tell if it is infected

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11
Q 
Which populations are NOT at risk for MRSA?
a. Prisons
b. Contact sports teams
c. Military
D. People with AIDS
E. People from third world countries
A

E. People from third world countries

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12
Q

Baby picture with purple/reddish pigmentation on half of his face

A

PORT-WINE STAIN

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13
Q

You are performing an ice massage and notice “hives” on the patient’s skin, this is an indicator of?

A

Urticaria

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14
Q

Which of the following would you be concerned about if your patient was very religious? (specifically animals)

a. Allograft
b. Autograft
c. Xenograft

A

C. Xenograft

- they use pigs

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15
Q

What is the most common type of skin cancer?

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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16
Q

Know the picture of squamous cell and basal cell carcinoma

A

SEE PICTURE

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17
Q

Which of the following represents skin pigmentation disorders?

a. Nevi, vitilligo, lipoma
b. Melasma, ephilides, lentigines
c. Melasma, cherry angioma, nevi

A

b. Melasma, ephilides, lentigines

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18
Q

How does smoking affect arterial insufficiency?

A

smoking increases clot formation and blood viscosity

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19
Q

What is considered an abnormal drop in ABI with a repeated test?

A

> 0.15

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20
Q

The following characteristics describe what condition?

-Skin is hard, smooth, and stiff. Slow progressive, inflammatory disorder that requires ROM interventions

A

Scleroderma

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21
Q

Which of the following are fungal infections?

a. varicella-zoster, tinea pedis
b. cellulitis, candidiasis
c. . tinea pedis, cellulitis
d. tinea pedis, candidiasis

A

d. tinea pedis, candidiasis

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22
Q

Rate from slowest to fastest healing wounds.

Square, circular, linear

A

Circular, square, linear

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23
Q

Rate from fastest to slowest types of wound closure.

a. Primary, delay, secondary
b. Primary, secondary, delay
c. Secondary, delay, primary
d. Secondary, primary, delay

A

b. Primary, secondary, delay

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24
Q

Chronic wounds typically have which of the following:

a. Equal amounts of MMPs and TIMPs
b. High TIMPs and low MMPs
c. High MMPs and low TIMPs

A

c. High MMPs and low TIMPs

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25
Q

Normal skin microflora is what?

A

10^3 per g/tissue

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26
Q

What microbe number would be considered an infection?

A

10^5

27
Q

Diabetes is a disorder of what?

A

Carbs, protein, fat metabolism

28
Q

Type II diabetes is less common. T or F

A

False. Type II makes up 90% of diabetes

29
Q

What enzyme is typically used for enzymatic? The only one FDA approved

A

Collagenase (Santyl)

30
Q

Charcot or rocker bottom foot deformation is commonly found in what condition?

A

Diabetes

31
Q

What percentage of ulcers are venous?

A

70-90%

32
Q

When can you use a total contact cast?

a. All neuropathic ulcers
b. Wagner grade 3 and 4
c. Wagner grade 1 and 2
d. Never with neuropathic ulcers

A

Wagner 1 and 2 ONLY

33
Q

Your patient has a bounding pulse, how do you document it?

a. 1+
b. 3+
c. 2+
d. 0

A

b. 3+

34
Q

You notice your patient has 2-4mm of indentation that rebounds in <10 seconds, how do you classify this pitting edema?

a. 1+
b. 2+
c. 3+
d. 4+

A

b. 2+

35
Q

Your patient is able to sense the 4.17 monofilament, however is not able to sense the 10g pressure produced. What is this an indicator of?

a. Loss of protective sensation
b. This is normal, you shouldn’t be able to sense 10g
c. The patient is lying, 4.17 and 10g are the same thing
d. They have decreased sensation

A

a. Loss of protective sensation

36
Q

What is considered to be a positive indicator for wound healing?

A

20-40% decrease in wound surface area withing 2-4 weeks

37
Q

List in order of least to worst.

-critical colonization, infection, colonization, contamination

A

Contamination
Colonization
Critical Colonization
Infection

38
Q

T or F. Biofilms may INCREASE bacterial virulence and resistance

A

TRUE

39
Q

Anaerobes CANNOT survive in what type of environment?

A

Oxygenated

40
Q

What increases the risk of fungal infections? (4)

A
  1. Taking antibiotics
  2. Immunocompromised
  3. Diabetes
  4. Moist, occluded areas on skin
41
Q

What temperature should thermal insulation of a wound dressing be?

A

37 degree Celsius

42
Q

What is the purpose of secondary dressings?

A

Protection
Cushioning
Absorption
Occulsion

43
Q 
List from MOST to LEAST absorptive
Hydrocolloid
Semipermeable film
Alginates
Semipermeable foam
Hydrogels
A 
Alginates
Semipermeable foam
Hydrocolloids
Hydrogels
Semepermeable film
44
Q

List the dressings from LEAST to MOST occlusive

A 
Loose gauze
Fine gauze
Calcium Alginates
Impregnated gauze
Semipermeable film
Semipermeable foam
Hydrogel
Hydrocolloids
45
Q

Semipermeable films are:

a. impermeable to water but not bacteria
b. Impermeable to bacteria but not water
c. Impermeable to both bacteria and water
d. Impermeable to neither bacteria nor water

A

c. impermeable to both bacteria and water

46
Q

T or F. Sheet hydrogels are impermeable to gas and water

A

FALSE. Sheet hydrogels are permeable to both gas and water

47
Q

What are the characteristics of hydrocolloid dressing? They are impermeable to what?

A

Impermeable to water, O2 and bacteria

48
Q

What should you never use with silver dressings?

A

Saline solution - sodium chloride will deactivate it

49
Q

T or F. Silver can be slow acting and have effects for up to 7 days

A

TRUE

50
Q

What is not an example of a growth factor?

a. Allodermazyme
b. Becaplermin
c. Porcine submucosa

A

a. Allodermazyme
- Becaplermin is used on diabetic foot ulcers
- Porcine submucosa is used on partial thickness chronic ulcers

51
Q

When would you use a growth factor?

A

Chronic wound that is not responding to other interventions

52
Q

Which of the following is correct?

a. Ulcer–> ischemic rest pain –> intermittent claudication –>arterial insufficiency
b. ischemic rest pain –> arterial insufficiency –> intermittent claudication –> Ulcer
c. arterial insufficiency–> intermittent claudication–> ischemic rest pain–>Ulcer–>

A

c. arterial insufficiency–> intermittent claudication–> ischemic rest pain–>Ulcer–>

53
Q

What is normal ABI?

A

0.9-1.1

54
Q

At what ABI would you consider revasularization?

A

0.5-0.7

55
Q

Compression is contraindicated if ABI is lower than?

A

<0.7

56
Q

What are NOT predictive of VI ulcer healing? (4)

A
  1. Gender
  2. Race
  3. Skin Condition
  4. Presence of infection
57
Q

What are the parameters for compression at the ankle?

A

30-40mmHg

58
Q

All of the following are contraindications for compression EXCEPT?

a. Acute infection
b. Pulmonary edema
c. Uncontrolled/ severe CHF
d. History of DVT

A

d. History of DVT

- ACTIVE DVT is contraindicated

59
Q

What are the pressure ulcer risk assessments?

A

Braden
Norton
Gosnell

60
Q

What are the assessments of a pressure ulcer wound?

A

Sessing
PUSH
BWATT

61
Q

What is is maximum tissue strength after wound closure?

A

80%

62
Q

What are the main locations of pressure ulcers?

A 
Sacrum
Greater trochanter
Ischial tuberosity
Posterior calcaneus
Lateral malleolus
63
Q

A decrease in weight will have what effects on a diabetic?

A

good for everything - lipids, HTN, cholesterol

64
Q

Diabetic footwear would include what?

A

1/2 inch longer than longest toe
Extra depth toe box
Heel height <1 in

Integ Exam Questions (1 decks)

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