Preversation Of Autocracy Flashcards
What was the tsar
Leader of the Russian empire
Who was the paitriach Moscow
An individual who provided the tsar with spiritual guidance
Who was the over procurator of the holy synod
A government minister whom the tsar appointed to run his church affairs
What is meant by autocracy
That the tsar had no limits to his power
Within the church what was under tsarist control
Administration
Church finances
Appointments
Religious education
What were imperial edicts
They were orders from the tsar and were law of the land
Name in Order of roles within the Russian government
Tsar
Imperial council
Council of ministers
The senate
What was the imperial council
A body of 35-60 men personally appointed by the tsar who provided him with expert advise and opinions
Who were the council ministers
A body of 8 - 14 ministers who were in charge of different government departments
Who made up the bureaucracy in Russia
Civil servants who were Paid nobles
How were the civil servants selected
From a table of rank from 1-14
How big was the Russian army
It was the largest army in the world made up of 1.5 million men
Who made up the army
Nobles and conscripted serge
How long were serfs expected to serve in the army
25 years
How much of government spending did the army amount
45%
What where military colonies
It was where conscripted serfs would stay and they were in harsh conditions
What did the tsar use the army for
To put down rebellions within Russia
And to fight in wars
Who were the Cossacks
The tsars personal body guard
What did the police state in Russia prevent
Freedom of speech
Political meetings and strikers
Travel abroad
Freedom of press
What else did the police state enforce
Censorship at every level including the press
What was the third section
The secret state of security
What was the role of the third section
They had strict surveillance over the population
They had the power to enforce raids over Russia
They could exile or arrest those who were suspected of anti tsarist behaviour
What reasons was for the Russian economy being so backwards
Over reliance on serfdom
Most of it’s land was inhospital(lots of barren land)
Poor communications between other European countries meant they couldn’t trade as well with their agricultural produce
Lack of markets
What were serfs
Poor peasant that worked on lands owned by landowners
Why were serfs causing economic turmoil within Russia
They had little incentive or motivation as they only produced enough in terms of farming to survive a
What is meant by a lack of internal market demand
Peasants weren’t buying any manufactured products as they could produce their foods and products like wool
How were landowning elite causing economic issues
They owned land which the serfs worked on and they kept the produce that the serfs made rather than sell it off and they kept it for themselfves
What was causing income for the landowners to fall
Agricultural changes in the European market meant that productivity and
Competition increased so landowners were losing money
Due to landowners running into dents what were many forced to do
They had to mortgage serfs and estates
What did the mortgaging of various properties for landowners enable the government to do
The government could seize properties of the landowners if they didn’t pay back the money they owned
