prevention quiz

Question 1

what is an io/eo exam?

Answer 1

a method of examination of the head/ neck as well as in the oral cavity for any abnormal lesions or tissues on the skin. it is also done to recognize need to change/adjust treatment plan.

Question 2

what are the methods of examination in regards to palpation?

Answer 2

• digital- 1 finger
• bidigital- finger/thumb
• bimanual- finger/thumb of both hands
• bilateral- 2 hands opp sides (TMJ exam)

Question 3

how do you document lesion findings?

Answer 3

location/extent

• localized or generalized?
• single or multi lesions?

Question 4

what are the physical characteristics of different lesions?

Answer 4

• size/shape
• color
• surface texture
• consistency

Question 5

Types of ELEVATED lesions

Answer 5

BLISTER FORM:
-vesicle (1cm or less)
-pustule 
-bullae (greater than 1cm)
NONBLISTER FORM:
-papule (less than 1 cm)
-nodule (1 cm or more)
-tumor (greater than 2cm)
-plaques (superficial raised lesion, larger than 1cm diameter)

Question 6

types of DEPRESSED lesions

Answer 6

• ulcer (crater like, extends into 2 layers of dermis)
• erosion (loss of top layer of skin)
• fissure (linear crack)

Question 7

types of FLAT lesions

Answer 7

• macule (less than 1cm)

- patch (greater than 1cm)

Question 8

where is oral cancer most common?

Answer 8

floor of mouth, lateral tounge, lower lip, soft palate

Question 9

what is the appearance of early signs of oral cancer?

Answer 9

• red/white areas
• ulcers
• masses
• pigmentation

Question 10

what are the 3 types of biopsies for lesions?

Answer 10

• shave biopsy: razor used to shave off area
• punch: circle of area is removed using special instrument
• excisional- a scalpel is used to remove the area

Question 11

what should we teach our patient about methods of examination?

Answer 11

• get a regular examination
• how diet can affect the oral cavity
• self examination methods
• warning signs of oral cancer

Question 12

what are the different factors of handle designs of periodontal instruments?

Answer 12

• weight
• texture
• prevents bad ergonomics
• design/shape

Question 13

what type of handle designs should you avoid?

Answer 13

• heavy metal
• small diameter
• no texture
• avoid a lot of pinch force on handle

Question 14

what is instrument balance and why is it important?

Answer 14

• instrument is balance if working ends are centered with the midline of the handle
• important to be balanced because it helps with finger pressure, a nonbalanced instrument is hard to work with

Question 15

what are the different factors in shank designs for instruments?

Answer 15

-most have bends to adapt to different shapes of the teeth

Question 16

what is a simple shank design?

Answer 16

• straight shank, used on anterior teeth to reach the crown and root

Question 17

what is a complex shank design?

Answer 17

-has bends, to be able to get around more complex shaped teeth like posteriors, able to reach facial/lingual surfaces

Question 18

what is a rigid shank?

Answer 18

-a less flexible shank used to remove heavy deposits

Question 19

what is a flexible shank?

Answer 19

• a more flexible shank used to remove small-med deposits

- also helps sense vibrations as you move along tooth surface

Question 20

what are the regions of a shank?

Answer 20

• functional shank region: portion that helps adapt to the tooth (all the bends/ below the working end)
• lower shank: part of the functional shank nearest to the working end (PART OF FUNCTIONAL SHANK)

Question 21

what are special instruments with extended lower shanks?

Answer 21

• instruments that help reach the apical 3rd of a tooth

- helps reach furcations

Question 22

what are single ended instruments?

Answer 22

periodontal probes

Question 23

which instruments are usually double ended?

Answer 23

• curets

- double ended instruments may have paired/unpaired working ends

Question 24

explain the design name/number of an instrument

Answer 24

-the name of school/person that created it is on the handle as well as the numbers of the working end, read left to right to corresponding working ends

Question 25

what are the face/back regions of the working end?

Answer 25

• face: the side of the working end that is on the tooth surface
• back: opp side of the face

Question 26

what are the lateral surfaces of the working end?

Answer 26

-the sides inbetween the face/back

Question 27

what are the cutting edges of the working ends?

Answer 27

-the angles/sharp sides that connect the face,back, lateral sides

Question 28

what is the toe/tip of the working end?

Answer 28

• in a rounded working end, a TOE is the very last end of the working end
• in a pointed working end, the TIP is the pointy last end of the working end

Question 29

where can a triangular cross section instrument be used?

Answer 29

supragingivally

Question 30

where can a semicircular cross sectioned instrument be used?

Answer 30

subgingivally

Question 31

what are the types/classifications of instruments?

Answer 31

• assessment: probes/explorers

- calculus removal: scalers/curets/files

Question 32

what is a healthy measurement of gingiva using a probe?

Answer 32

1-3mm

Question 33

what are you doing when you are probing?

Answer 33

• measuring the sulcus
• contacting the junctional epithelium
• contacting the coronal part of the epithelium

Question 34

what is a periodontial pocket?

Answer 34

the deepening of the sulcus due to increased disease; downward migration of the sulcus

Question 35

what is a gingival pocket?

Answer 35

the sulcus of the tooth/gingiva

Question 36

what is the proper probe pressure?

Answer 36

10-20 grams