Prevention/Health Promo/Immunization Flashcards
Goal: preventing the health problem, the
most cost-effective form of healthcare
Primary Prevention
Example: immunizations, counseling about
safety, injury and disease prevention
Primary Prevention
Goal: detecting disease in early,
asymptomatic, or preclinical state to minimize
its impact
Secondary Prevention
Example: screening tests, such as BP check,
mammography, colonoscopy, ASA in hx MI
Secondary Prevention
Goal: minimizing negative disease induced
outcomes
Tertiary Prevention
Example: in established disease, adjusting
therapy to avoid further target organ damage.
Potentially viewed as a failure of primary
prevention, support groups
Tertiary Prevention
Immunize those who can be to protect those
who cannot be immunized
Community (Herd immunity)
Resistance developed in response to an
antigen (either infection or vaccine)
Active Immunity
Immunity conferred by an antibody produced
in another host (infant of mother or immune
globulin
Passive Immunity
What immunizations to avoid if hx of ax reaction to Neomycin?
IPV, MMR, Varicella
What immunizations to avoid if hx of ax reaction to Streptomycin, polymyxin, neomycin?
IPV, Smallpox
What immunizations to avoid if hx of ax reaction to baker’s yeast?
Hep B
What immunizations to avoid if hx of ax reaction to gelatin, neomycin?
Varicella Zoster
What immunizations to avoid if hx of ax reaction to gelatin?
MMR
Live Vaccines Example
MMR, Varicella, Zostavax, Intranasal Flu
Live vaccines should not be given to:
Pregnancy, Immunosuppressed and with HIV (CD4 count <200)
Do not give rotavirus vaccine to:
SCID (sever combined immunodeficiency)
Chronic Hep B causes: (3)
Hepatocellular carcinoma, cirrhosis and cont. infectivity
When was childhood Hep B vax made?
1982
Hep B doses and spacing:
3 doses, 0, 1, 6 months.
What are the 5 A’s of smoking cessation?
- Ask about tobacco use
- Advise to quit
- Assess willingness to make a quit
attempt - Assist in quit attempt
- Arrange follow-up
When to give PCV13?
All children younger than 2; Adults 65 and older.
Pneumococcal vax for adults
PCV13 then 1 year later PPSV23
PPSV23 repeated if?
Given before age 65 repeat in five years
Smallpox is caused by what virus?
Variola
How is smallpox spread?
Droplets. Contagious when pt has fever and/or rash.
When did we stop vaccinating for smallpox?
1972
Smallpox incubation period
7-17 days
Smallpox prodromal stage symptoms
fever, malaise, HA, body aches
Smallpox rash progression
face>arms/legs>hands/feet
Smallpox vaccine after exposure
Within 3 days can reduce severity
Poliovirus transmission
fecal/oral
ability of a test to detect a person who has disease
Sensitivity
ability of a test to detect a person who is healthy
Specificity
