Prevention, Health Behaviours and helath-compromising behaviour (lec 4)

Question 1

What is Obersity ?

Answer 1

an excessive accumulation of body fat

Question 2

what are wight loss strategies and treatments

Answer 2

• dieting -surgery -appetite-suppressing drugs -multimodal approach (screening, self-monitoring, control over eating, adding exercise, controling self-talk, social support, relapse prevention)

Question 3

what is substance use disorder ?

Answer 3

• when an individual uses a substance repeatedly, eventually leading to functional or clinicial impairment ( ie. psychopathology, physical health problems ) - w/ four DSM V criteria : risky use, impaired control, social impairment, pharmacological effects

Question 4

Please describe cravings ?

Answer 4

• powerful desires and urges to consime a substance and is clinifically sig. b/e it is predictive of future substance use and relapse (traditional def) -ambivalence model of craving: desire to use a substance (aapproach motivation) and the desire to reduce or eliminate use (avoidance motivation )

Question 5

What are the processes of pharmacological effects?

Answer 5

—-tolerance(process by which the bodey increasingly adapts to the use of a sub, requiring larger and larger doses of sub to achieve same effect—> reaching a plateau) and —withdrawal (unpleasant symptoms, physcial and psychologcal, experienced when they stop using the substance on which they have become dependent=== addiction)

Question 6

yo, what is additiction

Answer 6

occurs when a person has become physically, or psychologically dependent on a substance following use over time.

Question 7

please elabotate what ‘harm reduction’ is ?

Answer 7

– intervention strategy for sustance abuse - approach that focuses on risks and consequences of substance use rather than on the use itself

Question 8

Diseases thaf are effected by diet

Answer 8

-diabetes, coronary artery, cancers

Question 9

Diseases that are influenced by obesity/being over weight as risk factors

Answer 9

-atherosclerosis, hypertension, arthritis, heart disease and failure, cancers (colon pancreas ** please complete risk )

Question 10

What is BMI

Answer 10

-body mass index -weight in my divided by height in m squared -limitation of bmi = doesn’t take into account fat vs muscle weight,