Preventing Hazard; risk management

Question 1

tsunamis

Answer 1

There are official warnings issued by tsunami warning centers that are broadcast through local radio and television, wireless emergency alerts, NOAA Weather Radios, NOAA websites, and social media. They may also come through outdoor sirens, local officials, text message alerts, and telephone notifications.

Question 2

Volcanoes

Answer 2

land planning = hazard map, zone of hazard = risk

forecasting by examining seismic activities
(e.g. precursor earthquakes)
= thermal, magnetic, and hydrologic conditions
= volcanic gas emissions
= topography: tilting and bulging
= remote sensing
= taking into consideration the geologic history of a volcano

Question 3

flood/ water

Answer 3

Building physical barriers such as levees and floodwalls.

Building channels

= This usually results in increased development in the floodplain and when massive floods occur (100-year or even more infrequent) more damage is done and more people are affected.

The best way to prevent damage – don’t develop the area in the floodplain!!!

Question 4

Preventing landslides

Answer 4

Drainage control: Reducing infiltration and surface runoff

Slope grading: Reducing the overall slope

Slope supports: Retaining walls or deep supporting piles

Question 5

Avoid landslide hazards

Answer 5

Landslide warning for critical evacuations

Correcting landslides

Question 6

disaster management cycle

Answer 6

mitigation

disaster

response

recovery

preparedness

Question 7

Identifying potential landslides

Answer 7

Photographic analysis
Topographic map and detailed field check

Landslide hazard inventory map

Application of geologic and engineering
knowledge before hillside development

Question 8

Urbanization and Earthquake Fatalities

Answer 8

With more people living in concentrated urban areas, often in dwellings that cannot withstand earthquakes, those numbers are gong to increase drastically over the next few years so “million death” quakes are now possible