Pretest Flashcards
CANNON: CANNON:: STIMULI: (a. stimulation, b. stimuluses, c. stimulate, d. stimulus)
(d) Cannon is the plural form of cannon. Stimuli is the plural form of stimulus. General Information—Class
GRAPES: WINE:: (a. alcohol, b. hops, c. alfalfa, d. kemp): BEER
b) Wine is made from grapes; beer is made from hops. General Information—Description
BLANC: ALPS:: EVEREST: (a. Andes, b. Himalayas, c. Jungfrau, d. Caucasus)
(b) Mont Blanc is the highest mountain peak in the Alps; Mount Everest is the highest mountain peak in the Himalayas. The Alps are a mountain range in Europe. The Andes are a mountain range in South America. The Himalayas are a mountain range in Asia. The Jungfrau is a mountain in the Swiss Alps and the Caucasus is the mountain range that separates the continents of Asia and Europe. General Information—Description
i: e:: (a. −∞, b. π, c. 1, d.): 2.71828
(d) The quantity i is equal to square root of -1; the quantity e is (approximately) equal to 2.71828. The quantity of π is approximately equal to 3.14159. The symbol ∞ represents infinity. Mathematics—Equality/Negation
(a. Na, b. Al, c. O2, d. N): SALT:: H: HYDROCHLORIC ACID
(a) Salt is a compound containing sodium (Na); hydrochloric acid is a compound containing hydrogen (H). O2 stands for oxygen, N stands for nitrogen, and Al stands for aluminum. Natural Science—Part/Whole
A: C:: ALPHA: (a. lambda, b. kappa, c. omicron, d. gamma)
(d) A is the first letter and c is the third letter of the Roman alphabet; alpha is the first letter and gamma is the third letter of the Greek alphabet. Lambda is the 11th letter of the Greek alphabet, kappa the 10th letter, and omicron is the 15th letter. Humanities—Class
SKINNER: ENVIRONMENT:: (a. Galton, b. Locke, c. Watson, d. Spence): HEREDITY
(a) Skinner is known for his belief that environment largely shapes behavior; Galton believed that heredity largely shapes behavior. John Locke was an English philosopher and empiricist. John Watson was an American psychologist who established the school of behaviorism. Kenneth Spence was an American psychologist who developed the theory of Stimulus Control. Social Science—Description
IRISH: (a. setter, b. Guernsey, c. mutt, d. St. Bernard):: LABRADOR: RETRIEVER
(a) An Irish setter and a Labrador retriever are both kinds of dogs. General Information—Completion
PERSHING: (a. French, b. U.S., c. English, d. Canadian):: WELLINGTON: ENGLISH
(b) Pershing was a U.S. general who led the American Expeditionary Force in World War I; Wellington was an English general who served in the Napoleonic wars. Humanities—Description
MORNING STAR: EVENING STAR:: VENUS: (a. Mercury, b. Mars, c. Jupiter, d. Venus)
(d) Venus is known both as the morning star and as the evening star. General Information—Similarity/Contrast
HYPERBOLE: HYPERBOLA:: STATEMENT: (a. statements, b. curve, c. exaggeration, d. ellipse)
(b) A hyperbole is a type of statement; a hyperbola is a type of curve. Mathematics—Description
X¯: SAMPLE:: (a. μ, b. σ, c. λ, d. ρ): POPULATION
(a) X¯is a symbol for a sample mean; μ is a symbol for a population mean. σ stands for the standard deviation of a population. λ stands for eigenvalues and Lagrange multipliers. ρ stands for a correlation coefficient in statistics. Note that these Greek letters have additional meanings in other sciences. Mathematics—Description
SHORTEST: (a. February, b. August, c. April, d. December):: LONGEST: JUNE
(d) The shortest day of the year occurs in December. The longest day of the year occurs in June. General Information—Description
(a. nadir, b. zenith, c. summit, d. hilt): BOTTOM:: APEX: TOP
(a) The nadir is the lowest point, or bottom of something; the apex is the highest point, or top. A zenith is the direction pointing directly above a particular location. A summit is the highest point of a mountain. A hilt is the handle of a sword. Vocabulary—Similarity/Contrast
ENORMITY: (a. great wickedness, b. great largess, c. great goodness, d. great passion):: VILIFICATION: SLANDER
(a) Enormity is great wickedness; vilification is slander. Vocabulary—Similarity/Contrast
VANILLA: TEA:: (a. stem, b. root, c. flower, d. bean): LEAF
(d) Vanilla is from a bean, tea from a leaf. General Information—Description
NOON: EVE:: 12:21: (a. 8:34, b. 10:01, c. 7:54, d. 11:29)
(b) Noon and eve are both palindromes (they read the same spelled backward and forward), as are 12:21 and 10:01. Nonsemantic
(a. soap, b. aspirin, c. base, d. litmus): ACID:: LYE: ALKALINE
(b) Aspirin is acid; lye is alkaline. General Information—Description
SAM: AIR:: ABM: (a. sea, b. land, c. ballistic, d. missile)
(c) The second letter in the acronym SAM (surface-to-air missile) stands for air; the second letter in the ABM (anti-ballistic missile) stands for ballistic. General Information—Part/Whole
OCHER: (a. yellow, b. green, c. blue, d. gray):: LAVENDER: PURPLE
(a) Ocher is a shade of yellow; lavender is a shade of purple. Vocabulary—Description
MARE: EWE:: HORSE: (a. goat, b. sheep, c. pig, d. deer)
(b) A mare is a female horse; a ewe is a female sheep. Vocabulary—Description
RAVIOLI: (a. spaghetti, b. linguine, c. cannelloni, d. enchilada):: MANICOTTI: TORTELLINI
(c) Ravioli, cannelloni, manicotti, and tortellini are all stuffed pasta dishes. General Information—Class
(a. bacteria, b. viruses, c. fungi, d. rickettsiae) TYPHUS:: MYCOBACTERIA: TUBERCULOSIS
(d) Typhus is caused by rickettsiae (parasitic bacteria), tuberculosis by mycobacteria. Natural Science—Description
TWO: IMPEACH:: (a. zero, b. one, c. three, d. four): CONVICT
(a) Two presidents of the United States have been impeached (Andrew Johnson and Bill Clinton); no president has been convicted. Humanities—Description
0 PROOF: 0%:: 50 PROOF: (a. 10%, b. 25%, c. 75%, d. 100%)
(b) Something that is 0 proof has a 0% concentration of alcohol; something that is 50 proof has a 25% concentration of alcohol. General Information—Description
INDUCE: INDUCT:: (a. adduce, b. reason, c. persuade, d. deduct): INSTALL
(c) To induce is to persuade; to induct is to install. To adduce means to cite or to allege in order to support an argument; to deduct is to take away, as from an amount; to reason means to think logically. Vocabulary—Similarity/Contrast
PICASSO: (a. Bosch, b. Daumier, c. Tintoretto, d. Dali):: GUERNICA: GARDEN OF EARTHLY DELIGHT
S (a) Picasso painted Guernica. Bosch painted The Garden of Earthly Delights. Daumier is famous for his works depicting the life of Don Quixote; Tintoretto is known for his painting of the last supper (and da Vinci created a painting with the same title!); Dali is famous for his bizarre, surreal images, often of soft watches like in The Persistence of Memory. Humanities—Description
UNICORN: (a. mythical beast, b. duet, c. zebra, d. union):: SINGLETON: BICYCLE
(b) A unicorn and a singleton both refer to one of something; a duet and a bicycle both refer to two of something. General Information—Equality/Negation
(a. Holland, b. Croatia, c. Denmark, d. Switzerland): ALPINE:: GREECE: MEDITERRANEAN
(d) Switzerland is an Alpine country; Greece is a Mediterranean country. Croatia is an eastern European country. Denmark is located in northern Europe and Holland is located in western Europe. General Information—Description
M.D.: EARNED:: (a. D.D., b. Ph.D., c. D.D.S., d. O.D.): HONORARY
(a) An M.D. (Doctor of Medicine) degree is earned; a D.D. (Doctor of Divinity) degree is honorary. A Ph.D. is a Doctor of Philosophy, a D.D.S. is a Doctor of Dental Surgery, and an O.D. is a Doctor of Optometry. General Information—Description
CLUB: (a. diamond, b. heart, c. spade, d. ace):: LOWEST: HIGHEST
(c) In bridge, the club represents the lowest suit and the spade represents the highest suit. General Information—Description
GOSLING: GOOSE:: SHOAT: (a. goat, b. sheep, c. horse, d. hog)
(d) A gosling is a young goose; a shoat is a young hog. Vocabulary—Description
C: LEMON:: A: (a. liver, b. lettuce, c. orange, d. cake)
(a) A lemon is a very good source of vitamin C; liver is a very good source of vitamin A. General Information—Description
PACIFIC: OCEAN:: (a. Mercury, b. Jupiter, c. Uranus, d. Neptune): PLANET
(b) The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the oceans; Jupiter is the largest of the planets. General Information—Description