Pressure Laws Flashcards
Investigating the relationship between pressure and temperature for a fixed volume of gas
- Place dry air into a container of fixed mass
- Connect the container to a pressure gauge and place it into a water bath
- Heat the water bath using a Bunsen Burner, this will heat up the gas (air)
- Record the temperature of the gas using a thermometer and the pressure using a gauge
- Keep heating and record 5 more values of temperature and pressure of the gas
Draw the diagram of apparatus for the gas experiment
N/a
How to find absolute zero using the gas experiment?
Draw the line back down to where it meets the x-axis and record that temperature
Absolute zero
At a temperature of -273 degrees Celsius, the pressure of gas is zero. This temperature is known as absolute zero (T = 0 Kelvin).
At absolute zero, ALL particles are completely still, hence there are zero collisions against the side of the container and zero pressure.
1 Celsius is equal to…
1 Kelvin. However, they differ starting or 0 points
How is Celsius defined?
The freezing and boiling points of pure water, divided by 100
Is there negative Kelvin?
No, as negative energy is non-existent.
Plotting temperature in Kelvin vs pressure
They are directly proportional with a linear relationship through the origin, not going past the origin.
However, this is only the case if the volume and amount of gas remain constant.
Draw the graph of pressure vs temperature
N/a
The Kelvin temperature and KE
The Kelvin temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
The hotter the temperature, the faster the average speed of the particles.
Draw the particle movement.
N/a
NOTE: they are NOT all travelling at the same speed, but all moving randomly at all times
Converting between Kelvin and Celsius
The Kelvin scale starts at absolute zero.
T(in K) = T(in °C) + 273
T(in °C) = T(in K) - 273
For a fixed mass of gas at a constant volume…
P(1)/T(1) = P(2)/T(2)
Where temperature is always measured in Kelvin
