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Trade unions > Presidents > Flashcards

Presidents Flashcards

1
Q

what was the most notable law under Cleveland

A

Sherman Anti-Trust Act 1890

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2
Q

What was the Sherman Anti-trust act?

A

The first Federal act that outlawed monopolies

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3
Q

When was the Sherman Anti-trust Act?

A

1890, introduced by B.Harrison but was under Cleveland

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4
Q

why was Lochner vs New York declared unconstitutional?

A

as it violated the rights of workers to determine their hours of work

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5
Q

Why was the Wagner act introduced?

A

Roosevelt feared trade unions would limit the control that industrialists had over their workforce

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6
Q

Under Woodrow Wilson, how much did factory production increase by?

A

factory production increases by 35%

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7
Q

Under Wilson, why did factory production increase?

A

It was during WW1 needed workers in order to produce weapons which they sold to UK

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8
Q

What was the strike that happened under Cleveland?

A

Pullman Strike 1894, strikes of trains

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9
Q

What was the Pullman strike?

A

The strike meant there was no trains running, at this time post was moved by train; this meant no businesses could transfer goods or mail.

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10
Q

How did Cleveland solve the Pullman strike?

A

he government banned anyone from intervening with the mail, meaning the train strike therefore became illegal and had to be stopped.

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11
Q

What president was the Clayton Anti-Trust Act 1914?

A

Woodrow Wilson

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12
Q

What was the clayton anti-trust act 1914

A

The Clayton Antitrust Act is an amendment passed by U.S. Congress in 1914 that provides further clarification and substance to the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890.

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13
Q

What was the National War Labor Board

A

The National War Labor Board was authorized in March 1918 for the purpose of preventing strikes that would disrupt production in war industries.

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14
Q

When was the National War Labour Board

A

March 1918

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15
Q

Who was the president responsible for the National War Labour Board ?

A

Wilson

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16
Q

What is the Taft-Hartley act?

A

United States federal law that restricts the activities and power of labor unions

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17
Q

What president was responsible for the Taft-Hartley Act?

A

Harry S Truman

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18
Q

When was the Taft-Hartley Act?

A

1947

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19
Q

What was the Equal Pay Act?

A

aimed at abolishing wage disparity based on sex

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20
Q

Who was responsible for the equal pay act

A

JFK (1963)

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21
Q

when was the equal pay act?

A

1963

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22
Q

Who is responsible for the Occupational safety and health act in 1970?

A

Richard Nixton

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23
Q

What is the occupational safety and health act in 1970?

A

To protect workers from the lack of health and safety precautions in the work place

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24
Q

Who did the occupational safety and health act apply to?

A

All workers including those who work in private sectors

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25
Q

When was the Occupational safety and health act ?

A

1970

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26
Q

Who was president during the PATCO strike?

A

Reagan

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27
Q

Why was the PATCO strike illegal

A

The strike was in breach of a 1955 Act which prevented government workers from striking .

28
Q

Why did Reagan shut the PATCO strike down so harshly?

A

Reagan was determined to reduce the powers of unions. The government was concerned that such a strike would have a serious impact on the economy and

29
Q

When was the Pullman strike?

A

1894

30
Q

What was the governments attitude?

A

Laissez-faire (leave alone)

31
Q

Who introduced the New Deal

A

FRD

32
Q

Who failed to deal with the Wall street crash and great depression?

A

Hoover

33
Q

As a result of the Great depression, what Trade union action increased?

A

strikes and sit ins

34
Q

Who was the president 1977-81?

A

Jimmy Carter

35
Q

Who was the president 1945-53?

A

Harry S Truman

36
Q

Who was the president 1961-63?

A

JFK

37
Q

When was ww2

A

1939-45

38
Q

what was the president during: Coppage Vs Kansas: which allowed yellow dog contracts (promising not to join a union)

A

Wilson

39
Q

what was Coppage Vs Kansas:

A

allowed yellow dog contracts (promising not to join a union)

40
Q

What did Wagner believe in?

A

Wagner believed legislation was essential (if its law government will have to do it- or they will look weak)

41
Q

What was as a result of the Wagner Act?

A

Spies on shop floors and black listing agitators was banned

42
Q

Who was Cesar Chavez

A

Hispanic. Led the Salad Bowl Strike in 1970. Created: United Farm Workers Union. He was important as he created unions for farm workers/countryside . Nonviolence and fasting as a method of protest

43
Q

Who is A. Philip Randolph

A

Brotherhood of the sleeping car Porters;

pullman company- fighting to get employees recognised.

44
Q

What is the Haymarket Affair?

A

1886, violent rally which sparked significant police response. It damages credibility of unions. Blamed on German immigrants

45
Q

Who is Henry Ford

A

Biggest employer in American and against labour rights

46
Q

What is the AFL

A

American Federal of Labour who merged with the CIO to become AFL-CIO

47
Q

What are the Wobblies

A

industrial workers of the world.- ineffective because of their violence. (1905)

48
Q

What is Welfare Capitalism

A

Henry Ford, instead of trade unions; benefits the workers but not union activity. Sick pay, holiday pay etc

49
Q

What is the Salad Bowl strike

A

The Salad Bowl strike was a series of strikes, mass pickets, boycotts and secondary boycotts that began on August 23, 1970 and led to the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history.

50
Q

What is the Salad Bowl strike

A

The Salad Bowl strike was a series of strikes, mass pickets, boycotts that began on August 23, 1970 and led to the largest farm worker strike in U.S. history.

51
Q

What act shows the regression of the New deal

A

Taft-Hartley Act

52
Q

Who does PATCO represent

A

the demise of trade union and labour rights

53
Q

How many people were fired as a result of the PATCO strike

A

12,000 members

54
Q

What 2 groups were welcomed by the Wobblies

A

immigrants and women

55
Q

what is the New Deal

A

1933- 39. Boost economy and social life post- the Great Depression

56
Q

What was the Impact of the New Deal

A

Taft-Hartley act shows regression of it, but 15 years on

57
Q

Why did Cleveland introduce the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?

A

As the Pullman strike nearly turned into a general strike as many pockets of people, so they introduced them to give something back to keep the workers happier and less likely to strike

58
Q

What impact had the great depression had on strikes

A

Strikes low in 1930 as the economy was damaged, they didn’t want to lose their jobs as money was tight and employees were disposables

59
Q

when was the worst time to join a union

A

during the Great Depression

60
Q

What did the merging of AFL and CIO do for skilled and unskilled workers

A

brought them together and ended the divisions between them

61
Q

when was most of the division between trade unions solved by

A

1960s

62
Q

What act was introduced as a result of the pullman strike

A

Omnibus Indictment Act

63
Q

What is the Omnibus Indictment act

A

banned general strike action

64
Q

what did AFL-CIO achieve in 1962

A

annual 2% wage increase with employers

65
Q

When did AFL-CIO achieve an annual 2% wage increase with employers

A

1962

Trade unions (1 decks)

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