president Flashcards
three checks and balances on the power of the president
- checks and balances by congress - impeachment - removal from office(never done )
effective generates huge media attention- can ruin reputation eg nixon forced to resign - watergate scandal
-trump twice though after highest popularity - judicial review -courts can declare actions unconstitutional - powerfull
eg trump forced to amend 2017 ban on traveler from seven majority muslim countries - courts said discriminating on religious grounds
led to trump broadening ban ion 2018 to non muslim countries too
prevents tyranny of majority ensuring president dont act ultra vires
3.power of the purse -powerfull check - congress passes budgets
can cause shutdowns - 35day trump longest in history - power to declare war -
president can override
three differences between formal and informal presidential powers
three sources of formal power
three ways presidency has been weakened in recent years
1.congressional power
2. decline in presidencial authority
3.judicial oversight
us presidency become imprellied
Explain and analyse three ways in which executive power can be constrained by the
other branches of government.
case study waxing presidential power (grows)
waning (shrinks)
obamas two terms represent both
1.waxing -elected in 2008 welcomed as a historic triumph for black americans
country faced serious economic crisis- first productive 100days received highest approval ratings since 1970s
eveno tho faced oposition - implemented obamacare affordable healthcare act 2010
2. waning-2010 nov election republicans won majority- obama frustrated by congress
won second term
imperial presidency
emperor like-
1.
imperilled presidency
- trump most imperial - modern day
examples of presidents using sources of power
3.roosevelt -implied powers -justified emergency powers during the second world war - argued that by declaring war-congess had declared state of emergency implied president could use this too to protect usa - led him to issue executive order 1942- forced 120000 japanese americaninto internment camps - sc overruled- congress appologised and paid reparations
2.bush-use of inherent powers-against terrorist suspect - following 9/11 attacks he argued inherent powers allowed him to ignore civil liberties by detaining them for an indefinite period - transported overseas for interrogation and torture “extrodinary redention”-sc ruled against this
formal powers
outlined clear powers
1.executive powers
2.legislative powers
3. appointment powers can nominate officials to executive branch - must be confirmed by senate
4.foreign affairs powers- commander in chief - us military- can initate military action to congress
eg - bush led us into war with afganistan and iraq-“ war powers act “ requires presdient to ask congress for approval in advance-
can use direct authority and go against-obama 2011 with his intervention in libya
informal powers
political rather than constitutional
1. direct authority and stretching
constraints on president
relationship between presidency
types of formal power
enumerated
implied
inherent
enumerated powers - explicitly given to president - constitutional (article2 power to propose legislation to congress) and delegated powers - from congress
implied -implied by constitution
inherent -not in constitution not mentioned
exop- roosevelt - grew during great depression
executive office of the president - group of dozen agencies support president in running the federal government -
nsc
