presidency Flashcards
prerogative power
Extraordinary powers that the president may use under certain conditions, such as during
Times of war. Do several things of their own free choice, where the law is silent, and
Sometimes, too, against the direct letter of the law, for the public good. Locke political
Philosopher.
Whig model
Restrained presidential powers. Congress leads the policy process
Theodore Roosevelt
Vigorous, reform-minded governor, shaping public opinion and using public support
To push his reform agenda through state legislature. Transformed the office into a unique
Opportunity to preach to and inspire a national congregation. Master of political theatre,
Media president and brilliant huckster. All was possible except that which
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Modern presidency. Both central figure and participates actively in both foreign and
Domestic policy. Took charge of the federal government during the time of the depression.
National bank holiday, banned the buying and selling of gold and practice of linking the
The dollar to the price of gold, an emergency banking reform bill, to pull the nation out of
Of economic crisis. The new deal series of programs and initiative that transformed the
National government and gave birth to the welfare state
Cabinet
Executive departments that handle the responsibilities of the federal government.
Consists of the secretaries of the major departments of the bureaucracy on whom
The president relies heavily to carry out public policy. Appointed by the president and
Confirmed by the senate. Can be removed by president, cannot be members of congress.
Constitution dictates that no one can hold more than one post at a time.
State 1789 foreign policies, treasury 1789-coin money regulate national bank
War, defense 1789 and 1947, interior, 1849 parks and natural resources, agricultur1862,
Farmland wildlife products safe for consumers, justice 1789 enforcing the law, commerce
1903 economic stability and international trade, labor 1913 protects the rights of working
Citizens, health and human services 1953 research health care for low income,
Urban development 1965 guarantee affordable housing, transportation1966, energy1977
Reliable energy, education 1979, veterans’ affairs 1989, homeland secure 2002
EOP
Executive office of the president 1939 advisers, including the white house staff, the bureau Of the budget, and the office of personnel management. Divisions have been created Including the national security council, the council of economic advisers and the office of Management and budget.
Executive office of the president 1939 advisers, including the white house staff, the bureau Of the budget, and the office of personnel management. Divisions have been created Including the national security council, the council of economic advisers and the office of Management and budget.
EOP
OMB
Office of management and budget prepares annual national budget proposal, monitors performance of federal agencies, overseeing regulatory proposals. The council of economic advisers. CEA, led by three members, eminent economists appointed and confirmed by senate.
institutional presidency
Shifting role of the chief executive in federal government have come changes within the
Institution of the presidency. Cabinet, support staff and various offices and agencies
Designed to support president. Evolution of presidency has been toward ever-greater
Powers, president in the center. President as its head. Citizen action more complex.
Direct access to the president is difficult. White house aides transforming the connection
Between the president and the people.
Inner cabinet
The advisers considered the most important to the president, the secretaries of
Of state, defense, treasury and justice.
informal powers
a few have relied on informal input from a trusted circle of advisers Informal Presidential powers are dependent on the political order of the day.
going public
appealing directly to the people to garner support for presidential initiatives. Ways
to build public support. More potent than persuading members of congress. Fireside
chats, FDR, Kennedy tv, Regan the great communicator, Barak web site whitehouse.gov
Trump tweets
chief of state
Mr. president or Mr. Washington. Preform ceremonial function, formal gatherings called
Levees, being greeted. Informal tone permeated, phone winning super bowl team,
Pardon the turkey, stability and wisdom and composure during times of crisis.
chief legislator
constitution states congress legislature function, executive responsible for implementing.
Veto bills, ability to recommend measures for consideration and time to time inform congress the state of the union. Since FDR have sought to lead policymaking
The veto
A disapproval of a bill or resolution can be overturned by 2/3rd vote of congress. Actual
Vetoes are less significant in the legislative than the threat of their use
chief diplomat
in charge of foreign affairs. Sole organ in conducting foreign affairs and their powers are
exclusive. Travel around the world, forging ties and alliances. Appoint and receive ambassadors.
treaty power
A formal agreement between the us and one or more sovereign nations. Senate would work and negotiate and ratify treaties didn’t work
executive agreements
A less formal arrangement between US and other nations. High profile, media attention. Case act of 1972 inform congress within 60 days. They have increased greatly in past few
Decades.
commander-in-chief
construction appoints president of all-American military forces. Preserve and protect our nation.
War Powers Resolution
1973 congress designed to limit presidential deployment of troops unless congress grants
Approval. Every president has argued it is unconstitutional and have not abided by its provisions. Some argue resolution may actually expand presidential war making powers because it goes unchecked for first 90 days.
chief executive
assembling of staff and cabinet, enforcing laws, spending funds allocated and appropriated by congress he is chief administrator and head bureaucrat.
executive orders
regulations made by the president that have the effect of law. Three kinds, proclamations for ceremonial purpose of declaring holidays 2nd national security directives 3rd presidential decision directive. Security and defense matters
personal presidency
the notion that there are greater and greater expectations place on presidents due in large measure to the way they run for office and are often unable to deliver on the promises they made. We have personal bond with president, solve problems foreign and domestic
- Why did the framers of the Constitution give real power to the executive branch
Ineffectual and short lived. Under the articles of confederation, a national government
Lacked the ability to respond quickly to emergencies. Be an authentic player in the
System instead of merely an administrator of what congress decides. The principal powers
Granted by the constitution to presidents allowed them to influence the judiciary by
Appointing judges, modest say in making legislation, to conduct foreign policy, and to
Be commander and chief. Have proved to be merely foundational.
- What arguments did Alexander Hamilton make in Federalist No. 69 to counter fears of a powerful executive?
Underscore the differences between a president and a king. President is only elected four
Years, a king through heredity and holds it throughout his life. The president can be
Impeached for treason, bribery and other high crimes or misdemeanors, a king subjected
To no punishment., sacred and inviolable. A president may be able to veto legislation and
Can be overridden by legislature. Faith in Washington allowed citizens to overcome fears
Of a monarch. The president must lead.
What are the ramifications of the expansion of the president’s staff?
They have become political advisers, to help their boss win reelection, boost poll ratings
And build historical legacy. Winning over policy wonks. Shaping outcome of government,
Less access to president.
What is presidential greatness?
It is only when our nation confronts adversity that greatness can emerge. Simple luck. Lincoln have not controlled events, but events controlled me. Great character
Vision, pragmatism, consensus building, charisma, trustworthiness.
The film on Vietnam;
Johnson inherits conflict of war from 3 different presidents
Before him Truman, Kennedy and Eisenhower
Long standing commitment to south Vietnam
Film page 3: Tremendous turmoil, escalate war because presidents in both countries dead
Redoubling effort to take back N. Vietnam attacks begin
1. Ben ho air force base, Taylor recommends: air strike, price to pay, johnson turns down escalation 2. brinks hotel 2nd strike, psychology threat Taylor recommends, LBJ of restraint!!! Twice he turns away 3. 3rd strike this time johnson recommends retaliatory air strike
Bill Moyers, film on veitnam
Bill Moyers, he didn’t want a larger war, Johnson wanted the great society.
Formal and informal powers of the presidency
y some are written down and some are not
Not written down such as the power of persuasion. The president’s institutional presidency, linked to offices and N.I.C. advises on foreign powers, linked to personality, charisma even luck These powers come with limits all come with limits but there are exceptions key terms of the framers. Pardon power has no limits is one that has limits
Foreign powers the chief diplomat, not in constitution
The president is the sole organ
