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NEUROMUSCULAR II (Potter) > Presentations > Flashcards

Presentations Flashcards

1
Q

what 2 viruses are often the cause of encephalitis

A

west nile

herpes

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2
Q

dx for encephalitis

A

spinal tap

MRI

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3
Q

drugs to tx encephalitis

A

steroids
antivirals or antibiotics
(zovirax or acyclovir - virals)

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4
Q

inflammation of dura mater, pia mater or arachnoid

A

meningitis

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5
Q

what can cause meningitis

A

virus or bacteria (any)

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6
Q

what vaccine can help prevent meningitis

A

flu

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7
Q

sx of menengitis

A

stiff neck
horrible unusual HA
photosensitivity
quick onset fever

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8
Q

what 2 signs/tests can test for meningitis

A

Kernigs

Brudzinkski

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9
Q

what is Kernigs sign

A

for meningitis - do a 90/90 SLR and see if sx increase

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10
Q

what is Brudzinksi test

A

flex neck and see if LE flex up

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11
Q

what is a sign/sx of meningitis in babys

A

bulging fontanel
sluggish
won’t eat
crying alot

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12
Q

how to dx meningitis

A

lumbar puncture

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13
Q

what population has higher mortality rate with meningitis

A

children

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14
Q

what is the posture/balance test used with concussion tx

A

BESS

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15
Q

what causes encephalopathy with concussions

A

tau protein build up in frontal lobes

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16
Q

4 stages of encephalopathy with concussions

A
  1. build up of proteins
  2. rage depression
  3. memory loss
  4. severe dementia
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17
Q

Do mouth guards, helmets, or head gear prevent concussions

A

no

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18
Q

does a SCI effect ones ability to bear/deliver children

A

no

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19
Q

what is spacticity

A

velocity dependent increase in tone

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20
Q

what test is used ONLY for spacticity

A

modified ashworth

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21
Q

meds used to tx spacticity

A

baclofen
diazepam
botox

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22
Q

what do you have to be mindful of with muscle relaxants

A

they decrease tone in ALL muscles, not just the ones with spactisity = can lose overall function

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23
Q

gait abnormalities with spacticity

A

hip adduction (scissoring)
ankle PF and inv
excessive knee flexion during strike

24
Q

what does cold/hot do to spacticity

A

cold helps calm it down, hot can increase

25
Q

what did the study in the spacticity presentation say about how to tx

A

FES and PT were better than PT alone for foot drop

26
Q

what is a surgical option for spacticity

A

muscle lengthening

27
Q

what causes seizures in newborns

A

brain malformity
O2 deficit
mom drug use

28
Q

what causes seizures in children

A

fever
tumor
infection

29
Q

what causes seizures in adults

A

medical conditions effecting brain

30
Q

what causes seizures in seniors

A

stroke

alzheimers

31
Q

what is general epilepsy

A

effects both sides of the brain

32
Q

what is focal epilepsy

A

effects only 1 side of brain

33
Q

all seizures have __, __, __

A

beginning, middle, end

34
Q

what are the parts of the beginning stage of a seizure

A

prodrome- this is pre seizure
aura - first component of a seizure
physical changes
sensory and awareness changes

35
Q

what is prodrome -

A

not really part of the seizure

sensation or behavior changes that occur days to hours prior to

36
Q

what is aura

A

the actual first part of a seizure where the person has an indescribable feeling

37
Q

mid part of a seizure is aka

A

ictal

38
Q

part of the seizure where person cannot talk, they cannot swallow, they may have breathing difficulty, when the actual shaking occurs

A

middle - ictal

39
Q

post ictal phase of a seizure

A

may take hours to complete
person may be confused and groggy
(end stage)

40
Q

populations epilepsy is most common in

A

children and elderly

41
Q

most incidents of epilepsy are

A

ideopathic

42
Q

type of epilepsy where there is a cause

A

symptomatic

43
Q

gold standard for monitoring/dx epilepsy or seizure

A

EEG

44
Q

what are 2 common meds that can cause seizures

A

antibiotics

antihistimines

45
Q

what type of diet can be good for epileptics

A

low carb
high fat

ketogenic

46
Q

3 implants used in epileptics

A

deep brain stimulator
vagus nerve stimulator
responsive stimulator -detects impulses and stops

47
Q

effect of exercise with seizures

A

can decrease number of and can calm down activity in brain but don’t over do and don’t over heat bc this can trigger stress = seizure

48
Q

with epileptics, avoid aerobic ex that is how long

A

over an hour = can increase risk

49
Q

call 911 if an epileptic has a seizure for over __

A

5 min

or if they have consecutives with no rest

50
Q

frontal lobe functions

A

reasoning
behavior
judgement

51
Q

pariatal lobe functions

A

write, read, sense

52
Q

temporal lobe functions

A

language and hearing
memory
emotion

53
Q

brain stem functions

A

breath

HR

54
Q

what is fukuda step test

A

used to determine vestibular disorder

march in place and close eyes, if angle of 30 or more than they may have a vest issue on side they drift towards

55
Q

most common type of vertigo

A

bppv

NEUROMUSCULAR II (Potter) (3 decks)

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