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Advanced Higher Geography > Presentation of Data > Flashcards

Presentation of Data Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first thing we can use to present data?

A
  • Flow Chart
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2
Q

What is a Flow Chart?

A
  • Flow charts are simplifying devices that can be used to communicate quite complex relationships.
  • They usually consist of boxed annotations linked by lines or arrows.
  • They are used for putting across concepts and ideas, e.g. the hydrological cycle, the ecosystem or the spiral of unemployment.
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3
Q

What is the second thing we can use to present data?

A
  • Logarithmic Graphs
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4
Q

What is a logarithmic Graph?

A
  • Logarithmic graphs are used to compare things that differ enormously in size, for example the population growth.
  • These are drawn on graph paper where the logarithmic scale compresses the range of values.
  • It gives more space to the smaller values and reduces the amount of space for the larger values, showing relative growth clearly.
  • On the scale, there are cycles of values. Each cycle increases by a larger amount, usually to the power of 10.
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5
Q

What is the third thing we can use to present data?

A
  • Kite Diagram
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6
Q

What is a Kite Diagram?

A
  • These show the change of a percentage over distance.
  • They are most commonly used to show changes in the percentage cover of plant species/vegetation along a transect.
  • They are: - Clear and easy to interpret and show the density and distribution of variables.
  • However: - Not all data can be represented by these charts, and they are time-consuming to plot by hand
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7
Q

What is the fourth thing we can use to present data?

A
  • Polar Graph
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8
Q

What is a Polar Graph?

A
  • A polar graph is used to show direction as well as magnitude.
  • It can compare multiple sets of data and lots of data can be put on one graph.
  • It is very visual and individual variables within the diagram can be compared.
  • No stats tests can be linked to them.
  • It is hard to spot anomalies and it is hard to make a scale suitable.
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9
Q

What is the fourth thing we can use to present data?

A
  • Triangulation Graphs
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10
Q

What is a Triangulation Graph?

A
  • They are used to show data that can be divided into three parts.
  • This might include data such as soil (sand silt + clay), employment (primary, secondary + tertiary and housing (terraced, detached + semi-detached).
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11
Q

What is the advantage and disadvantage of Triangulation Graphs?

A
  • These graphs are tricky to construct - it is easy to get confused!
  • Main advantage: allows a large amount of data to be shown in one diagram end, in many cases once plotted, value graphing become evident.
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12
Q

What is the fifth thing we can use to present data?

A
  • Dispersion Diagrams
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13
Q

What is a Dispersion Diagram?

A
  • A dispersion diagram shows the range of a set of data and their tendency to group or disperse. It may also be used for comparing two groups of data.
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14
Q

What are the advantages of a Dispersion Diagram?

A
  • It shows the spread from the mean + they are very visual.
  • It gives an indication of the reliability of the data.
  • You can work out the mean, mode, range , median, lower quartile, upper quartile and interquartile range.
  • Anomalies can be shown.
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15
Q

What is the single disadvantage of a Dispersion Diagram?

A
  • You need lots of data.
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16
Q

What is the first map that we would use to present data?

A
  • Flow Maps
17
Q

What is a Flow Map?

A
  • They are used to show the movement between places.
  • A line is drawn between two locations and the thicker it is, the greater the data, the thinner it is, the less of data we have.
  • A suitable scale and key should be selected.
18
Q

What are the disadvantages of a Flow Map?

A
  • The real distance and direction may be distorted.
  • Movement can be to more than one place which makes the map busy and difficult to read.
19
Q

What is the second map we can use to present data?

A
  • Choropleth Maps
20
Q

What is a Choropeth Map?

A
  • This maps shows relative density per unit area.
  • On maps, each area is shaded one colour, but data can vary within one location.
21
Q

What is the advantage of a Choropleth Map?

A
  • They are easy to construct and can give a striking visual impact.
22
Q

What is the disadvantage of a Choropleth Map?

A
  • The shading can appear very similar and therefore it is difficult to determine the correct values.
23
Q

What is the third map we can use to present data?

A
  • Dot Maps
24
Q

What is a Dot Map?

A
  • These can be used to show the distribution of features in an area.
  • Each dot represents a different value.
  • Different symbols can be used show more than one distribution on the same map.
25
Q

What are the disadvantages of Dot Maps?

A
  • Sometimes dots can overlap, therefore it is difficult to say for sure the location.
  • Each dot only represents 1 value for an area - but data can vary within one location.
  • If many sizes of dots are used, they may look too similar and there may human error when reading the data.
26
Q

What is the fourth map type we can use to present data?

A
  • Isoline Maps
27
Q

What are Isoline Maps?

A
  • Isolines are lines that join together to show places of equal value.
  • Contour lines or isobars are the best examples to show height or air pressure in specific areas.
28
Q

What are the disadvantages of Isoline Maps

A
  • Each line represents only a specific value for an area - but data can vary within one location.
  • For this to be effective, it requires data for a huge number of locations.
29
Q

What is the fifth map we can use to present data?

A
  • Proportional Symbol Maps
30
Q

What are Proportional Symbol Maps?

A
  • These maps use symbols such as bars or circles to represent data that varies from place to place.
31
Q

What is the advantage of Proportional Symbol Maps?

A
  • These maps have good visual impact as the symbol varies in size depending on the figure which is being represented
32
Q

What are the disadvantages of Proportional Symbol Maps?

A
  • Symbol congestion/overlap, especially if there are large variations in the size of symbols or if numerous data locations are close together.
  • It may also be difficult to calculate an exact value as figures are rounded in a key.

Advanced Higher Geography (3 decks)

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