Present Day Modern English

Question 1

Now

Answer 1

Internationalisation, diversification, variety

Question 2

New information revolution

Answer 2

Telephone/ TV to computer, dissemination of knowledge, electronic publishing

Question 3

Genres

Answer 3

Blogs, vlogs, chats, texts, tweets, videos

Question 4

Visual communication

Answer 4

Adverts, fonts, headers, instructions, photos, diagrams, cartoons, maps

Question 5

Hypertext/ hypermedia

Answer 5

Printed vs. electric

Question 6

Future

Answer 6

Opposing forces, identity, compromise

Question 7

Dynamic Model of the Evolution of Postcolonial Englishes

Answer 7

Foundation, exonormative stabilisation, nativisation, endonormative stabilisation, differentiation

Question 8

Representation of regional diversity of English

Answer 8

English - AE (US/ Canada etc)/ BE (British Isles etc)

Question 9

Wheel Model

Answer 9

Non-hierarchical

Question 10

Varieties

Answer 10

Regional, ethnic, age, medium, user, gender, religious

Question 11

Levels of linguistic variation

Answer 11

Phonetics/ phonology, vocabulary, syntax (I’ll not do it), semantics (SAE robot/ BE traffic light), pragmatics (accepting compliments)

Question 12

AAVE

Answer 12

• be/ reduced forms, - 3rd person singular, simplification (consonant clusters)