Prescribing- drugs

Question 1

hypertension and T2DM?

Answer 1

ramipril
1.25mg OD oral

if afro carribean, use ARB instead

Question 2

hypertension in <55y/o with no T2DM?

Answer 2

ACEi/ARB

Question 3

HT in >55y/o with no T2DM?

Answer 3

CCB

Question 4

hypercholesterolemia? for primary prevention

Answer 4

atorvastatin
20mg OD

Question 5

compare statin dose for primary and secondary prevention?

Answer 5

primary prevention = 20mg OD

secondary prevention= 80mg OD

Question 6

flash pul oedema?

Answer 6

furosemide
50mg IV

Question 7

which drug is most effective at relieving symptoms of acute asthma exacerbation?

Answer 7

salbutamol

look it up on BNF to make sure dosing is right for the age of the patient. dose should be more than their daily inhaler

Question 8

compare prednisolone dose for asthma VS COPD exacerbation

Answer 8

COPD: 30mg pred, 7-14 days

asthma: 40-50mg pred, 5 days

Question 9

Tx for confirmed DVT/PE?

(search “thromboembolism” on BNF)

Answer 9

apixaban
10mg BD oral

Question 10

Tx for DVT/PE prophylaxis in renal impairment?

Answer 10

unfractionated heparin
5000 units BD subcut

Question 11

hypocalcemia tx

Answer 11

10% calcium gluconate 10mL IV

Question 12

Hyperkalemia tx

Answer 12

10% calcium gluconate 30mL IV

Question 13

hypercalcemia tx

Answer 13

0.9% NaCl
1000ml over 4 hours

Question 14

hypokalaemia tx

Answer 14

0.9%NaCl / 0.3%KCl 1000ml over 4 hours

Question 15

adrenal crisis

Answer 15

hydrocortisone
100mg IV

Question 16

UTI in pregnant women

Answer 16

nitrofurentoin
50mg QDS oral

Question 17

emergency treatment of suspected bacterial meningitis before transfer to hospital if:

a) not penicillin allergic

b) penicillin allergic

Answer 17

a) benzylpenicillin one off IV

b) cefotaxime one off IV

must look up BNF to get accurate dosing depending on age

Question 18

antiemetic for motion sickness/vertigo?

Answer 18

cyclizine

Question 19

antiemetic for post op N&V?

Answer 19

ondansetron

Question 20

antiemetic for someone with parkinson’s

Answer 20

domperidone

Question 21

antiemetic for acute chemotherapy related N&V?

Answer 21

ondansetron

Question 22

antiemetic for delayed chemotherapy related N&V?

Answer 22

metoclopramide

Question 23

antiemetic for hyperemesis gravidarum

Answer 23

promethazine

Question 24

what is the most ideal route to administer antiemetics?

Answer 24

IV or IM

oral may not be tolerated if they’re vomiting loads

Question 25

name 3 drugs that can be given for N&V in palliative care?

Answer 25

cyclizine
levopromazine
haloperidol

Question 26

how does acute treatment differ for migraine if there is / is not an aura?

Answer 26

migraine without aura = aspirin or ibuprofen

migraine with aura = sumatriptan

Question 27

what medication is given to prevent migraines?

Answer 27

propranolol

Question 28

compare which anticoagulants are used in treatment dose to prophylactic dose?

Answer 28

treatment dose = apixaban or rivaroxiban

prophylactic dose = LMWH or unfractionated heparin if renal impairment

Question 29

name 2 types of LMWH?

Answer 29

dalteparin (fragmin)
enoxaparin (clexane)

Question 30

compare the med used for prophylactic anticoagulation in someone without renal impairment and someone with renal impairment?

Answer 30

without renal impairment = dalteparin

with renal impairment = unfractionated heparin

Question 31

acute gout tx?

Answer 31

colchicine or
NSAIDs (+PPI) or
short dose of corticosteroid

Question 32

gout prevention?

Answer 32

allopurinol